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Psychology > Chapter 2 - Psychological Science > Flashcards

Chapter 2 - Psychological Science Flashcards

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0
Q

Reverse

Research that investigates issues that have implications for everyday life and provides solutions to everyday problems

A

What is Applied Research?

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Q

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Research that answers fundamental questions about behavior. Studying something when there is no particular reason to examine such things except to acquire a better knowledge if how the processes occur

A

What is Basic Research?

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2
Q

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free from the personal bias or emotions of the scientist

A

Define Objective

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3
Q

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principles that are so general as to apply to all situations in a given domain of inquiry

A

laws

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4
Q

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an integrated set of principles that explains and predicts many, but not all, observed relationships within a given domain of inquiry

A

theory

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5
Q

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  1. General 2. Parsimonious - simplest possible account of outcomes 3. Provides ideas for future research 4. Falsifiable
A

What are 4 Important Characteristics Theories Should Have?

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6
Q

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a specific and falsifiable prediction about the relationship between or among two or more variables

A

Research Hypothesis

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7
Q

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costs (potential harm) are compared to the benefits (potential to advance knowledge and offer advantages)

A

Cost-benefit Analysis

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8
Q

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conducted before a participant beings a research session, is designed to explain the research procedures and inform them of their rights during the investigation

A

Informed Consent

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9
Q

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a procedure designed to fully explain the purposes and procedures of the research and remove any harmful aftereffects of participation

A

Debriefing

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10
Q

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the specific method a researcher uses to collect, analyze, and interpret data

A

Research Design

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11
Q

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designed to create a snapshot of the current thoughts, feelings, or behavior of individuals Uses Case Studies, Surveys, and Naturalistic Observation

A

Descriptive Research

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12
Q

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research based on the observation of everyday events

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Naturalistic Observation

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13
Q

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numbers that summarize descriptive research

A

Descriptive Statistics

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14
Q

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measures 2 or more relevant variables and assesses a relationship between or among them Scatter Plots

A

Correlation Research

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15
Q

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a measure of the strength of linear relationship between 2 variables

A

Pearson Correlation Coefficient

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16
Q

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may cause both the predictor and outcome variables in a correlation design, producing a false relationship

A

Common-Casual Variables

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17
Q

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involves the manipulation of an independent variable and the measurement of a dependent variable

A

Experimental Research

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18
Q

Reverse

  1. Construct Validity 2. Statistical Conclusion Validity 3. Internal Validity 4. External Validity
A

What Are 4 Types of Validity?

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19
Q

Reverse

refers to the assurance that the measured variables adequately measure the conceptual variables

A

Construct Validity

20
Q

Reverse

refers to the assurance that inferences about statistical significance are appropriate

A

Statistical Conclusion Validity

21
Q

Reverse

refers to the assurance that the independent variable has caused the dependent variable

A

Internal Validity

22
Q

Reverse

the extent to which the results of a research design can be generalized beyond the specific way the original experiment was conducted

A

External Validity

23
Q

Reverse

uses the results of existing studies to integrate and draw conclusions about those studies

A

Meta-Analysis

24
Q

What is Basic Research?

A

Research that answers fundamental questions about behavior. Studying something when there is no particular reason to examine such things except to acquire a better knowledge if how the processes occur

25
Q

What is Applied Research?

A

Research that investigates issues that have implications for everyday life and provides solutions to everyday problems

26
Q

Define Objective

A

free from the personal bias or emotions of the scientist

27
Q

laws

A

principles that are so general as to apply to all situations in a given domain of inquiry

28
Q

theory

A

an integrated set of principles that explains and predicts many, but not all, observed relationships within a given domain of inquiry

29
Q

What are 4 Important Characteristics Theories Should Have?

A
  1. General 2. Parsimonious - simplest possible account of outcomes 3. Provides ideas for future research 4. Falsifiable
30
Q

Research Hypothesis

A

a specific and falsifiable prediction about the relationship between or among two or more variables

31
Q

Cost-benefit Analysis

A

costs (potential harm) are compared to the benefits (potential to advance knowledge and offer advantages)

32
Q

Informed Consent

A

conducted before a participant beings a research session, is designed to explain the research procedures and inform them of their rights during the investigation

33
Q

Debriefing

A

a procedure designed to fully explain the purposes and procedures of the research and remove any harmful aftereffects of participation

34
Q

Research Design

A

the specific method a researcher uses to collect, analyze, and interpret data

35
Q

Descriptive Research

A

designed to create a snapshot of the current thoughts, feelings, or behavior of individuals Uses Case Studies, Surveys, and Naturalistic Observation

36
Q

Naturalistic Observation

A

research based on the observation of everyday events

37
Q

Descriptive Statistics

A

numbers that summarize descriptive research

38
Q

Correlation Research

A

measures 2 or more relevant variables and assesses a relationship between or among them Scatter Plots

39
Q

Pearson Correlation Coefficient

A

a measure of the strength of linear relationship between 2 variables

40
Q

Common-Casual Variables

A

may cause both the predictor and outcome variables in a correlation design, producing a false relationship

41
Q

Experimental Research

A

involves the manipulation of an independent variable and the measurement of a dependent variable

42
Q

What Are 4 Types of Validity?

A
  1. Construct Validity 2. Statistical Conclusion Validity 3. Internal Validity 4. External Validity
43
Q

Construct Validity

A

refers to the assurance that the measured variables adequately measure the conceptual variables

44
Q

Statistical Conclusion Validity

A

refers to the assurance that inferences about statistical significance are appropriate

45
Q

Internal Validity

A

refers to the assurance that the independent variable has caused the dependent variable

46
Q

External Validity

A

the extent to which the results of a research design can be generalized beyond the specific way the original experiment was conducted

47
Q

Meta-Analysis

A

uses the results of existing studies to integrate and draw conclusions about those studies

Psychology (13 decks)

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