chapter 7 - health problems Flashcards
define malnutrition
excessive or insufficient intake of nutrients
what are the health problems if u are overnutrition
obesity
diabetes
coronary heart diseases
what are the health problems if u are under nutrition
stunted growth
under weight
osteoporosis
anaemia
what are the 9 health problems that we learn in the textbook
obesity hypertension type 2 diabetes coronary heart disease dehydration heatstroke constipation osteoporosis anaemia
describe the health problems of obesity
excessive storage of body fat
describe the health problems of hypertension
high blood pressure blood is being pumped around the body at a persistently high pressure
uncontrolled hypertension causes stroke, heart diseases, kidney disease and vision loss
describe the health problems of type 2 diabetes
person´s blood glucose level is abnormally high
thus the body is unable to respond to insulin
describe the health problems of coronary heart disease
the coronary artery is blocked
the blockage caused an area of heart tissue to lose its blood supply and become damaged
describe the health problems of dehydration
body´s water output exceeds water intake
thus body loses water through urine, sweat
describe the health problems of heatstroke
requires immediate medical attention and
occurs when body temp reaches 40 degree celsius or above
severe heat stroke can cause brain or other vital body organs damage
describe the health problems of constipation
difficulty in passing tools
usually accompanied by abdominal pain
describe the health problems of osteoporosis
low bone density
weakened bone strength
describe the health problems of anaemia
red blood cell count is lower than normal
symptoms are fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, pale skin
what is the acronym to remember the 9 health problems
Claire Hurriedly Came Over As Olaf´s Dick is Huge + Type 2 Diabetes
CHCOAODH + Type 2 D
what are some of the symptoms of heatstroke
a body temperature of 40 degree Celsius or higher muscle cramp nausea and vomiting rapid breathing sudden stop of perspiration unconsciousness
list 3 nutrients that can increase bone density
calcium
phosphorus
vitamin D
what are some ways to prevent obesity
increase intake of dietary fibre (explain)
reduce sugar and fat intake - excessive intake = weight gain if no exercise
exercise regularly
what are some ways to prevent hypertension
reduce intake of salt to prevent excess fluid retention
reduce intake of saturated fats as it causes blood vessels to narrow
exercise regularly
what are some ways to prevent type 2 diabetes
increase intake of wholegrain (regulate the release of glucose into the bloodstream)
reduce intake of sugar and saturated fat
regular exercise
what are some ways to prevent coronary heart disease
include fruits and vegetables - prevents overeating
use monounsaturated fats instead of trans and saturated
limit fat and sugar intake
regular exercise
what are some ways to prevent dehydration
consume sufficient fluids, fruits and vegetables with high water content
stay hydrated before, during and after physical activity
what are some ways to prevent heatstroke
drink enough water
rest in airy and cool places
wear lightweight clothing in hot and humid weather
what are some ways to prevent constipation
consume food rich in dietary food and water (DF absorbs water and adds bulks to stools, making it softer, larger and thus easier to pass through)
what are some ways to prevent osteoporosis
consume food rich in calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D
stay physically active to minimise bone loss
sufficient exposure to sunlight helps the body to produce vitamin D that is needed for bone formation
what are some ways to prevent anaemia
consume food rich in iron (prevent iron deficiency anaemia) and vitamin C (increases iron absorption)
state two nutrients that cause hypertension
salt and saturated fat
