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z-food and nutrition > chapter 7 - health problems > Flashcards

chapter 7 - health problems Flashcards

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1
Q

define malnutrition

A

excessive or insufficient intake of nutrients

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2
Q

what are the health problems if u are overnutrition

A

obesity
diabetes
coronary heart diseases

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3
Q

what are the health problems if u are under nutrition

A

stunted growth
under weight
osteoporosis
anaemia

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4
Q

what are the 9 health problems that we learn in the textbook

A 
obesity 
hypertension 
type 2 diabetes
coronary heart disease 
dehydration 
heatstroke
constipation 
osteoporosis 
anaemia
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5
Q

describe the health problems of obesity

A

excessive storage of body fat

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6
Q

describe the health problems of hypertension

A

high blood pressure blood is being pumped around the body at a persistently high pressure
uncontrolled hypertension causes stroke, heart diseases, kidney disease and vision loss

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7
Q

describe the health problems of type 2 diabetes

A

person´s blood glucose level is abnormally high

thus the body is unable to respond to insulin

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8
Q

describe the health problems of coronary heart disease

A

the coronary artery is blocked

the blockage caused an area of heart tissue to lose its blood supply and become damaged

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9
Q

describe the health problems of dehydration

A

body´s water output exceeds water intake

thus body loses water through urine, sweat

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10
Q

describe the health problems of heatstroke

A

requires immediate medical attention and
occurs when body temp reaches 40 degree celsius or above
severe heat stroke can cause brain or other vital body organs damage

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11
Q

describe the health problems of constipation

A

difficulty in passing tools

usually accompanied by abdominal pain

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12
Q

describe the health problems of osteoporosis

A

low bone density

weakened bone strength

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13
Q

describe the health problems of anaemia

A

red blood cell count is lower than normal

symptoms are fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, pale skin

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14
Q

what is the acronym to remember the 9 health problems

A

Claire Hurriedly Came Over As Olaf´s Dick is Huge + Type 2 Diabetes
CHCOAODH + Type 2 D

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15
Q

what are some of the symptoms of heatstroke

A 
a body temperature of 40 degree Celsius or higher 
muscle cramp 
nausea and vomiting 
rapid breathing 
sudden stop of perspiration 
unconsciousness
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16
Q

list 3 nutrients that can increase bone density

A

calcium
phosphorus
vitamin D

17
Q

what are some ways to prevent obesity

A

increase intake of dietary fibre (explain)
reduce sugar and fat intake - excessive intake = weight gain if no exercise
exercise regularly

18
Q

what are some ways to prevent hypertension

A

reduce intake of salt to prevent excess fluid retention
reduce intake of saturated fats as it causes blood vessels to narrow
exercise regularly

19
Q

what are some ways to prevent type 2 diabetes

A

increase intake of wholegrain (regulate the release of glucose into the bloodstream)
reduce intake of sugar and saturated fat
regular exercise

20
Q

what are some ways to prevent coronary heart disease

A

include fruits and vegetables - prevents overeating
use monounsaturated fats instead of trans and saturated
limit fat and sugar intake
regular exercise

21
Q

what are some ways to prevent dehydration

A

consume sufficient fluids, fruits and vegetables with high water content
stay hydrated before, during and after physical activity

22
Q

what are some ways to prevent heatstroke

A

drink enough water
rest in airy and cool places
wear lightweight clothing in hot and humid weather

23
Q

what are some ways to prevent constipation

A

consume food rich in dietary food and water (DF absorbs water and adds bulks to stools, making it softer, larger and thus easier to pass through)

24
Q

what are some ways to prevent osteoporosis

A

consume food rich in calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D
stay physically active to minimise bone loss
sufficient exposure to sunlight helps the body to produce vitamin D that is needed for bone formation

25
Q

what are some ways to prevent anaemia

A

consume food rich in iron (prevent iron deficiency anaemia) and vitamin C (increases iron absorption)

26
Q

state two nutrients that cause hypertension

A

salt and saturated fat

z-food and nutrition (19 decks)

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