chapter 2 - carbohydrates

Question 1

what are micronutrients

Answer 1

vitamins and minerals

Question 2

what are macronutrients

Answer 2

carbs
protein
fats

Question 3

how many kcal do carbs, protein and fats contain

Answer 3

4kcal carbs
4kcal protein
9kcal fats

Question 4

what has the simplest unit of carbs consists of only one sugar molecule

Answer 4

monosaccharides

Question 5

what consists of 2 monosaccharides joined together

Answer 5

disaccharides

Question 6

what is made up of many monosaccharides neither sweet nor soluble

Answer 6

polysaccharides

Question 7

what are the 2 simple carbs and 1 complex carb

Answer 7

2 simple carbs are monosaccharides and disaccharides

1 complex carb is polysaccharides

Question 8

name the 3 monosaccharides

Answer 8

glucose
galactose
fructose

Question 9

name the 3 disaccharides

Answer 9

sucrose
maltose
lactose

Question 10

name the 3 polysaccharides

Answer 10

starch
dietary fibre
pectin

Question 11

fructose + glucose =

Answer 11

sucrose

Question 12

glucose + glucose =

Answer 12

maltose

Question 13

galactose + glucose =

Answer 13

lactose

Question 14

explain what is diabetes type 1

Answer 14

the body is unable to produce insulin

Question 15

explain what is diabetes type 2

Answer 15

the body is unable to respond to insulin

Question 16

what is glycemic index

Answer 16

measures how quickly blood sugar rises when food is consumed

Question 17

name 3 food source of low (gi)

Answer 17

wholemeal bread
wholegrain oats
brown rice

Question 18

name 3 food source of high (gi)

Answer 18

doughnut
white rice
cake
sweet s

Question 19

excess glucose is converted to… and stored where

Answer 19

glycogen

stored in muscle and liver

Question 20

which is healthier? complex carbs or simple carbs

Answer 20

complex carbs

Question 21

3 sources of simple carbs

Answer 21

honey 
cake
apple
carrot 
ice cream

Question 22

3 sources of complex carbs

Answer 22

potato
oats
brown rice
pasta

Question 23

carbohydrates chemical elements

Answer 23

carbon
hydrogen
oxygen

Question 24

what are the 2 functions of carbs

Answer 24

source of energy

aids digestion

Question 25

explain the function of the source of energy

Answer 25

main source of energy
fuels person daily activities
unused carbs converted to glycogen or fats

Question 26

explain the function of aids digestion

Answer 26

in the form of dietary fibre
improve bowel movement
prevent constipation