chapter 7 - groups Flashcards
what are co-actors
a group of ppl working simultaneously and individually on a non competitive task
by Shaw’s definition, are students working individually in a computer lab a group?
no they are just a collection of individuals rather than an interacting group
true or false: being around others makes us better at recognizing faces
true
what is evaluation apprehension
concern for how others are evaluating us
describe an experiment to test is evaluation apprehension exists
researchers examined social facilitation for the pronunciation of nonsense syllables and well learned, easy to pronounce syllables
the mere presence of blindfolded people did not boost the responses ?? idk what this means lol but just be familiar with it
conclusion: the enhancement of dominant responses is strongest when ppl think they are being evaluated
describe what it means to be driven by distraction
when people wonder how co-actors are doing/how an audience is reacting, they get distracted. this conflict bw paying attentions to others and to the task causes arousal.
this arousal can come from non-human distractions too, like bursts of light
social loafing
tendency for ppl to exert less effort when they pool their efforts toward a common goal than when they are individually accountable
what were the results of a social loafing experiment involving clapping
when ppl believed others were also shouting or clapping, they produced 1/3 less noise than when they thought they were doing it alone
funnily enough the ppl thought they were clapping the same in both situations (so this was unconscious)
what is free-ride
benefiting from the group but giving little in return
what facilitates social loafing?
evaluation apprehension
group situations decrease evaluation apprehension, being alone increases it
what is a strategy to motivate group members to avoid social loafing?
make individual performance identifiable
ex: football coach can film and evaluate each player individually
what s deindividuation
group situations where ppl are more likely to abandon normal restraints / lose sense of responsibility
