chapter 1

Question 1

how does social psych differ from sociology?

Answer 1

social psych focuses more on individuals and uses experimentation

sociology focuses more on groups/societies

Question 2

how does social psych differ from personality psychology?

Answer 2

social psych focuses more on how people view and affect one another, and less on differences among people

Question 3

what do our intuitions shape?

Answer 3

our fears, impressions, and relationships

Question 4

in what ways can intuitions be bad/unhelpful?

Answer 4

we can misperceive others, we trust our memories more than we should, we misread ourselves/ our feelings, we misread how we will be in the future, etc!!!!

Question 5

can personality dispositions affect behaviour?

Answer 5

yes

Question 6

what is social neuroscience?

Answer 6

integration of biological and social perspectives to explore neural and psychological bases of social/emotional behaviours

Question 7

is social behaviour biologically rooted?

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

what is the naturalistic fallacy?

Answer 8

the error of defining what is good in terms of what is observable.

for example, whats typical is normal, so whats normal is good (but this isnt always true!)

Question 9

does wealth/income impact well-being in poor countries? what about in rich countries?

Answer 9

in poor countries, being well off does predict greater well being

in rich countries, it still matters, but compared with poor countries it only matters a little bit. (eventually plateaus as well)

Question 10

people who strive for wealth the most tend to have _____ well being

Answer 10

lower

Question 11

what is a theory?

Answer 11

an integrated set of principles that explain and predict observed events

Question 12

what are 3 purposes of hypotheses?

Answer 12

1. allow us to test the theory they are based on
2. predictions give direction to research
3. predictive feature of good theories can make them practical

Question 13

is social psych research always in a lab/controlled setting?

Answer 13

no, sometimes it is field research

Question 14

what are the two methods used for research in social psych

Answer 14

correlational research and experimental research

Question 15

when correlation research is extended overtime, it is called a _______

Answer 15

longitudinal study

Question 16

can longitudinal studies begin to look at cause and effect?

Answer 16

yes, because we know that some things happen before others (since the study covers such a large time frame)

Question 17

what is an advantage to correlational research?

Answer 17

uses real world settings

Question 18

what is a disadvantage to experimental research?

Answer 18

some variables cant be studied in experimental settings

Question 19

what is the diff between random assignment and random sampling?

Answer 19

random assignment helps us infer cause and effect

random sampling helps us generalize to the population

Question 20

what is mundane realism

Answer 20

degree to which an experiment is superficially similar to everyday situations

Question 21

what is experimental realism

Answer 21

degree to which an experiment absorbs and involves its participants

Question 22

what should an experiment have, experimental realism or mundane realism?

Answer 22

experimental realism

Question 23

what are demand characteristics? how can we minimize them?

Answer 23

cues in an experiment that tell the participant what behaviour is expected

minimize by standardizing the instructions or using a computer to present instructions instead of a person