Chapter 7 - Factors that influence behaviour

Question 1

Group

Answer 1

two or more people who interact and influence each other and share a common objective

Question 2

In-group

Answer 2

a group that an individual belongs to or identifies with

Question 3

Out-group

Answer 3

a group that an individual does not belong to or identify with

Question 4

Norm

Answer 4

a standard, value, or rule that outlines an appropriate behaviour or experience

Question 5

Social loafing

Answer 5

an individual’s reduction in effort when work is performed in a group as compared to individually, due to the belief that others will put in the effort

Question 6

Culture

Answer 6

the customs, behaviours, and values of a particular group in society

Question 7

Individualist culture

Answer 7

a culture that prioritises the needs and goals of individuals and values independence

Question 8

Collectivist culture

Answer 8

a culture that prioritises the needs and goals of groups

Question 9

Obedience

Answer 9

complying with commands which are often given by a source of authority

Question 10

Conformity

Answer 10

adjusting one’s thoughts, feelings, or behaviours to match those of others, a social group, or a social situation

Question 11

Social norms

Answer 11

society’s unofficial rules and expectations regarding how individuals should act

Question 12

Groupthink

Answer 12

a psychological phenomenon in which assumed group unanimity overrules individuals’ realistic appraisal of consequences

Question 13

Group shift

Answer 13

a condition in which the influence of the group causes an individual to adopt a more extreme position

Question 14

Deindividuation

Answer 14

the tendency for individuals to lose their sense of identity and individuality within a group

Question 15

Social comparison

Answer 15

a proposal that humans measure their self-worth in relation to the people around them playing a significant role in mental wellbeing

Question 16

Addictive behaviours

Answer 16

behaviours that are associated with a dependence upon a particular stimulus, despite negative consequences

Question 17

Independence

Answer 17

being free from the control or influence of others

Question 18

Self-determination

Answer 18

engaging in behaviours without the influence of other people as an external force

Question 19

Self-determination theory

Answer 19

the concept that people achieve self-determination when three basic psychological needs are met: autonomy, competence, and relatedness

Question 20

Extrinsic motivation

Answer 20

engaging in activities or behaviours for their external benefits

Question 21

Intrinsic motivation

Answer 21

engaging in activities or behaviours for their internal benefits

Question 22

Autonomy

Answer 22

the need to be able to act authentically, based on individual choice and intrinsic motivation

Question 23

Competence

Answer 23

the need to feel as though you have the skills required to meaningfully carry out behaviours that affect your environment

Question 24

Relatedness

Answer 24

the need to feel a sense of attachment, connection to, and belonging with other people

Question 25

Anti conformity

Answer 25

a deliberate refusal to comply with social norms or standards for thoughts feelings, behaviours

Question 26

Reactance

Answer 26

a motivational state of distress and resistance, caused by a desire to regain personal freedom after it has been removed or threatened by external sources

Question 27

Individuation

Answer 27

when an individual’s identity and contributions to a group are noticeable

Question 28

Social support

Answer 28

(in relation to anti-conformity)
when others hold a similar attitude or perspective to an individual

Question 29

Deviant subgroups

Answer 29

groups that hold values and norms that exist outside the dominant social norms in society