Chapter 7 Exam 3 Flashcards
Antecedent
a situation that makes it possible for us to respond and tells us what we might get for that response
Appetitive
A type of stimulus that is something you like and for which you will work
Aversive
A type of stimulus that is something you don’t like and for which you won’t work
Biological Preparedness
The result in which some events serve as better signals or conditional stimuli than others due to evolution
Cognitive Map
The assumption that we recreate a mental image of areas in our physical surroundings
Contingencies
if-then rule; if you do this (behavior), then that will happen (consequence)
Elicits
A descriptor for behavior in Pavlovian or classical conditioning, which indicates the response to the stimulus is involuntary
Fixed Interval
A schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcers are produced after a set amount of time and a few responses
Fixed Ratio
A schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcers are produced after a set number of responses
Latent Learning
A type of learning that has happened but hasn’t had the opportunity to be demonstrated
Learned Helplessness
Experiencing an aversive situation you can’t control prevents you from learning to control other aversive situations
Reflexes
A type of stimulus response relationship which is either learned or innate and indicates that behavior that happens automatically
Reinforcers
A type of stimulus presented as consequences which increase the future probability of a behavior
Satisfaction
Also known as stamping in, we learn our behavior in situations that lead to something we like; we learn to repeat that behavior
Shaping
Generate new behavior in which you get new responses by breaking down a complex response into smaller steps and reinforcing responses that look alike to the final form
Simultaneous conditioning
A conditioning procedure in which the signal and what’s signaled occur at the same time
Stimulus discrimination
An effect in which an animal notices differences between objects and responds to the objects as though they were different
Stimulus generalization
An effect in which an animal notices similarities between objects and responds to the objects as if they were the same
Taste aversion Learning
A type of conditioning in which animals learn not to eat foods that are accompanied by certain smells and tastes associated with illness
Trace conditioning
A conditioning procedure in which the signal occurs many minutes or hours before what’s signaled
Variable interval
A schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcers are produced after an average amount of time and a few responses
Variable ratio
A schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcers are produced after an amount of responses
