Chapter 4 - Exam 2

Question 1

Jean Piaget’s Sensorimotor stage

Answer 1

Object Permanence

Question 2

Jean Piaget’s Preoperational stage

Answer 2

Animism and egocentrism

Question 3

Jean Piaget’s Concrete Operational stage

Answer 3

Conservation

Question 4

Jean Piaget’s Formal Operational stage

Answer 4

Abstract thinking and hypothetical reasoning

Question 5

Assimilation

Answer 5

People translate incoming information into a form they can understand

Question 6

Accommodation

Answer 6

People adopt current knowledge structures in response to new experience

Question 7

Zone of proximal development

Answer 7

What a child can learn but with a little bit of help

Question 8

Scaffolding

Answer 8

The help the child receives

Question 9

Bowlby’s infant attachment styles - Secure attachment

Answer 9

Adjusts calmly to the parent leaving and returning

Question 10

Bowlby’s infant attachment styles - Insecure-resistant attachment

Answer 10

Holds onto parent to prevent separation

Question 11

Bowlby’s infant attachment styles - Insecure-avoidant attachment

Answer 11

Shows little interest when the parent leaves or reappears

Question 12

Bowlby’s infant attachment styles - Disorganized attachment

Answer 12

Wants to be close to but also away from parent

Question 13

Stages of morality - Pre-conventional morality

Answer 13

Good and bad based on reciprocity and punishment

Question 14

Stages of morality - Conventional morality

Answer 14

Morals based on societal structures

Question 15

Stages of morality - Post-conventional morality

Answer 15

Morals based on internal principles no matter what societal expectations are

Question 16

Cognitive and Brain Development - Formal operational stage

Answer 16

Able to think of hypothetical events

Question 17

Cognitive and Brain Development - Prefrontal Cortex Development

Answer 17

Adolescents tend to engage in risk-taking, as the pre-frontal cortex is not fully developed until the mid 20’s

Question 18

Cognitive and Brain Development - Executive functions

Answer 18

The development of the prefrontal cortex supports cognitive processes that help with impulse control

Question 19

Social Development - Adolescents egocentrism and imaginary audience

Answer 19

adolescents tend to feel as if everyone is watching

Question 20

Social Development - Personal Fables

Answer 20

Adolescents may think they are not vulnerable to risky situations and that they are unique

Question 21

Social Development - Relationships with parents and peers

Answer 21

Peer relationships have increasing influence on individuals

Question 22

Dementia

Answer 22

Deterioration of brain function

Question 23

Alzheimer’s disease

Answer 23

One form of dementia, which includes impairments in memory, language, and cognitive function