Chapter 5 - Exam 2

Question 1

Sensory organs to the brain - Reception

Answer 1

Stimulation of sensory receptor cells by energy

Question 2

Sensory organs to the brain - Transduction

Answer 2

Transforming cell stimulation into neural impulses

Question 3

Sensory organs to the brain - Transmission

Answer 3

Delivering neural information to the brain for processing

Question 4

Sensory adaptation

Answer 4

Diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation

Question 5

Anatomy of the Eye - Cornea

Answer 5

Protective layer of the eye; bends and focuses light into the pupil

Question 6

Anatomy of the Eye - Pupil

Answer 6

The hole that light passes through

Question 7

Anatomy of the Eye - Iris

Answer 7

Surrounds the pupil; dilates or restricts based on light intensity

Question 8

Anatomy of the Eye - Lens

Answer 8

Focuses light to hit the back of the eye

Question 9

Anatomy of the Eye - Retina

Answer 9

Holds the sensory neurons

Question 10

Anatomy of the Eye - Optic Nerve

Answer 10

Nerve that connects eye to brain

Question 11

Anatomy of the Eye - Fovea

Answer 11

Known indentation in the retina that is thinner; specialized for high acuity vision

Question 12

Anatomy of the Eye - Blind Spot

Answer 12

Where the optic nerve is so there is a lack of receptors; our brains fill in this gap in our vision

Question 13

Opponent-Process Theory

Answer 13

“opposing” retinal processes (red-green, yellow-blue, white-black) enable color vision. We analyze visual information in terms of these sets of opposing colors

Question 14

Retinal Disparity

Answer 14

A binocular cue. How the brain computes distance between to objects

Question 15

Perceptual Constancy

Answer 15

Ability to perceive objects as unchanging even as lighting, viewing angle, and distance change. (A top down process that lets us identify people and things quickly.