Chapter 7- Diet Flashcards
What is the use of water?
1) Water removes waste products. Kidneys remove a waste product called urea from the blood. Urea dissolves in water to form urine.
2) Water also removes enzymes and nutrients from the alimentary canal, so digestion can take place
3) In our cells, metabolic reactions take place. The chemicals involved in the reactions need a solution (water) to perform the reaction. If the cell dries up, reactions don’t take places, cell dies.
What is the use of fiber?
Helps keep the alimentary canal in working condition. Our alimentary canal performs a movement called peristalsis, which helps move food down. Now peristalsis, isn’t as stimulated with soft foods, but with harder to digest food like fiber, it keeps it in good working condition. And also prevents constipation.
What is peristalsis?
Rhythmic muscular contractions that move food down the alimentary canal.
Give why calcium is important, where it is found, and what deficiency it causes.
Calcium is found in milk and other dairy products, also bread. It is important it is required for bones and teeth and blood clotting. The deficiency it causes is brittle bones and teeth and poor blood clotting.
Give why iron is important, where it is found, and what deficiency it causes.
Iron is found in liver, red meat, dark green veggies, and egg yolk. It is important because it forms hemoglobin, the red pigment in our blood. The deficiency it causes is anemia. Anemia is when there isn’t enough red blood cells, so enough oxygen isn’t being delivered to cells.
Give why vitamin C is important, where it is found, and what deficiency it causes.
You can find C in citrus fruits like lemon and orange, and raw vegetables. It makes the stretch protein collagen, which is in the skin and tissues. It keeps tissues in good repair. Causes scurvy, pain in joints and muscles and bleeding of gums.
Give why vitamin D is important, where it is found, and what deficiency it causes.
You can find D in egg, yolk, butter (our skin makes Vitamin D when exposed to sunlight). Helps calcium to be absorbed for making bones and teeth. Rickets in which bones become soft and deformed.
Give why protein is important, where it is found.
Protien is used to make other cells. It is used to make insulin(hormone), haemoglbin and antibodies. You can find them in meat, fish, liver.
Give why fats and oils is important, where it is found.
We need fats and oils for making cell membranes. We also store excess fat and oils, under our skin in tissues called adipose tissues. They acts as an insulator here. They also cover important organs such as kidneys, and act as a mechanical protection. You can find them in dairy products and cooking oil.
Give why carbohydrates is important, where it is found.
We need carbohydrates for energy, they contain starch and sugar. You can find them in wheat.
What is a balanced diet
A balanced diet, is when the required nutrients are given in suitable proportions with right amounts of energy.
What includes in a diet.
Carbohydrates, nutrients, minerals, protein, vitamins, fats and oils, fibres and water.
