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Systems Neuro > Chapter 7: Development Stuff > Flashcards

Chapter 7: Development Stuff Flashcards

1
Q

Cell Bodies in the PNS are the

A

Neural Crest

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2
Q

Neural Groove becomes

A

neural tube (entire nervous system)

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3
Q

Germ layers:

  1. Endoderm
  2. Mesoderm
  3. Ectoderm
A
  1. Viscera (organs)
  2. Bones/muscles
  3. Skin, nervous system
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4
Q

Primary Neurulation

A

neural plate becomes neural tube brain and spinal cord to lumbar levels

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5
Q

16 days post fertilization

A

notochord forms from mesoderm, is important for induction causes overlying ectoderm to form neural plate

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6
Q

Day 18-
Day 20-
Day 24-
Day 26-

A

Neural fold forms
Neural folds contact (zipper like cervical levels)
Anterior Neuropore
Posterior Neuropore

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7
Q

Secondary Neurulation

A

Day 20-42: Sacral and Coccygeal levels of spinal cord

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8
Q 
Secondary Neurulation continued: 
Neural Canal --> 
Alar Plate -- >
Basal Plate --> 
What separates the alar and basal plates?
A

Neural canal becomes ventricles

Alar –> dorsal (sensory) (ADS)
Basal–> Ventral (motor) BVM

Sulcus limitans is the main groove that separates the plates

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9
Q

Anencephly

A

Anencephly (no brain) if the anterior neuropore fails to close.
Minor version results in cleft lip/cleft pallet.

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10
Q

Spina Bifida

A

Posterior Neuropore fails to close (hole is lower spinal cord)

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11
Q

Secondary Neurulation error

A

defects result in loss of sensation to leg/feet and bladder control

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12
Q

Motor axons from cortex synapse ____ and project to ______. Motor axons (efferents) from cortex cross (descussate) in _____. Where is motor info processed?

A

In the pons; to cerebellum
Descussate in medullary pyramids
Processed in Pyramids

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13
Q 
Spinal Cord differentiation: 
1. \_\_\_ \_\_\_ tube
2. Gray matter: 
3. 3 types of columns
White matter in the spinal cord is what
A
  1. caudal neural tube
  2. Dorsal horns (sensory); ventral horns (motor)
  3. Dorsal, lateral, and ventral columns
    Dorsal: somatic info through spinal cord to medulla where it crosses
    Lateral: corticospinal tract

White matter is axons

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14
Q

Medulla

A

controls breathing, HR, BP, digestion

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15
Q

Pons

A

motor relay to and from cerebellum

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16
Q

Midbrain

A

Vision, audition, eye movement, body movement

17
Q

What 3 things make up brainstem?

A

Medulla, pons, midbrain

18
Q

Diencephalon

A

Thalamus, epithalamus, subthalamus, hypothalamus

homeostasis, emotions, hunger, circadian rhythms, sensory motor integration

19
Q

Thalamus

A

Cortex, BG, hippocampus, amygdala,

thought, voluntary movement, language, reason, perception

20
Q

The Ventricular (CSF) system arise from

A

Cavity of neural tube called neural canal

21
Q

What secretes CSF?

A

Choroid Plexus

22
Q

What is between LV and 3rd V?

A

Intrerventricular foramen

23
Q

What is between 3rd V and 4th V

A

Cerebral aqueduct

24
Q

Choroid Epithelial cells are specialized to do what

A

Control flow of molecules into CSF

25
Q

Basal Lamina in capillary:

Endothelial cells of capillaries have ______ that allow for exchanges of molecules between extracellular fluid and blood.

A

Fenestrations

26
Q

What happens if cerebral aqueduct is blocked? What can you do to fix it?

A

Hydrocephalus, water on the brain, put in shunt to fix it

27
Q

What are specializations of walls of the brain capillaries that limit the flow of ions drugs , etc. in extracellular space?

A

BBB

28
Q

BBB is made of ___ cells surrounded by what?

A

Endothelial cells

Basal lamina

29
Q

What kind of molecules can pass BBB?

A

Small
Higher Lipid soluble
Low electrical charge

30
Q

Functions of BBB

A
  1. Protect brain from foreign substances

2. Maintain constant environment

31
Q

What type of junctions of endothelial cells form?

A

Tight junctions

32
Q

The superior sagitall sinus runs ____ around the brain.

The inferior sagitall sinus is at the base of ____ ____ surrounding corpus C.

A

dorsally

Fax cerebri

33
Q

Name all the circumventricular organs. (areas with no BBB)

A
  1. Pineal Body
  2. Area Postrema
  3. Subfornical Organ
  4. Vascular organ of lamina terminalise (OVLT)
  5. Median Eminence

VAMPS

34
Q

Pinal Boy

A

melatonin

Circadian rhythms

35
Q

Area postrema

A

Vomiting center, caudal portion of 4th ventricle

36
Q

Subfornical organ

A

Regulation of body fluids

37
Q

VOLT (Vascular organ of LT)

A

Chemosensory area

38
Q

Median eminence

A

Anterior pituitary hormones

Systems Neuro (13 decks)

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