Block 2 Exam: Taste and Olfaction Flashcards
4 properties of stimulus
- Modality- which sensory neurons are activated
- Location-sensory regions organized according to incoming signals. Adjacent sensory input is processed in adjacent columns.
- Duration- encoded by duration of AP
- Intensity- encoded by # of AP (or fibers activated)
Labelled Line
coding model in which peripheral neurons that respond the most robustly to a given sensory modality carry the information via segregated pathways (wire from periphery to cortex).
Ensemble Code
stimulus and intensity are encoded by ensembles of broadly-tuned neurons.
Sweet triggered by
Sugars T1R2/T1R3
Bitter triggered by
organic ions; TAS2R/T2R5
Umami triggered by
organic ions; T1R1/T1R3
Sour trigged by
H+ ions(pH); Pkd211-DTA
Salty trigged by
Na+ ions;
Oleogustus trigged by
fatty acids; GPR40/GPR120?
ATP is NT for
Sweet, Umami, Bitter
Serotonin is NT for
Salty and Sour
Each papillae has ____ taste buds. Taste buds have _____ receptor cells.
Papillae has 1-100 taste buds.
Taste bud have 50-150 receptor cells
Taste: binding of substrate either
- Depolarizes taste receptor allowing for Ca2+ influx
2. Causes release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores.
General Bitter Sweet Umami pathway
Alpha-gustduclin –>
PL-Beta-2 – >
IP3 –> Ca2+ –> Na+ influx –> NT Release on afferent axons.
Taste Pathway:
Anterior tongue/Posterior tongue/Epiglottis —> ________ –> _____ (thalamus) —> ______
Tongue –> Gustatory nucleus –> VPN thalamus –> Gustatory cortex
Where is primary gustatory cortex located?
above lateral fissure, within insular cortex
What cranial nerves (taste) go medulla –> gustatory nerves of solitary tract -> VPM of thalamus
Cranial Nerves 7, 9, 10