Chapter 7 - Control Of Movement and Balance

Question 1

What is the primary motor area?

Answer 1

Area of the cerebral cortex that sends out nerve impulses to cause muscle contractions

Question 2

What is a homunculus?

Answer 2

The size of the parts of the brain devoted to different parts of the body

Question 3

What is a upper motor neuron?

Answer 3

A neuron that starts in the motor cortex of the brain and whose processes terminate within the medulla oblongata or spinal cord

Question 4

What is a lower motor neuron?

Answer 4

Nerve cell that carries impulses from the upper neuron in the spinal cord to a muscle

Question 5

What is the role of the cerebellum?

Answer 5

Receives nerve impulses from cerebrum

Controls motor skills

Question 6

Cerebellum receives inputs from

Answer 6

The cerebrum
Semicircular canals
Saccule and Utricle
Preside receptors (skin)
Stretch receptors

Question 7

What is a reflex?

Answer 7

Rapid Autonomic response to a change in the internal and/or external environment

Question 8

What are the four properties of reflexes?

Answer 8

Stimulus required
Involuntary
Rapid
Stereotyped

Question 9

What is a spinal reflex?

Answer 9

A reflex carried out by the spinal cord without involvement of the brain

Question 10

What is a reflex arc?

Answer 10

The path travelled by nerve impulses from receptor to effector

Question 11

What is a spinal reflex arc?

Answer 11

Pathway travelled by nerve impulses from receptor to effector

Question 12

What is the motor association area?

Answer 12

Part of cerebrum where behaviour is planned - nerve cells plan sequence and amount of muscle contractions required for actions

Question 13

What are the reflex arc basic components?

Answer 13

1. Receptor
2. Sensory neurons
3. Synapse
4. Motor neuron
5. Effector

Question 14

What is a acquired reflex?

Answer 14

Response to stimulus that has been learned through practice