Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Psychology > Chapter 7 Consiousness > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Consiousness Flashcards

1
Q

consciousness

A

state of awareness of the self and environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the concept of levels of awareness

A

a continuum that includes both high and low awareness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

mindfulness

A

a state of heightened conscious awareness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

best way a person can use high awareness to change opinions formed in low awareness conditions

A

flexible correction model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

if your friend uses the phrase “red hat” in a sentence and then, several minutes later, you noticed someone wearing a red hat you might reasonably conclude that this is an example of:

A

Priming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Darcy is in a relaxed state with decreased self-consciousness. In this state she is open to suggestion. Which state is Darcy in?

A

Hypnosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The separation of one’s awareness from everything besides what one is centrally focused on

A

Disassociation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The ability to focus on an activity or stimulus over a long period of time:

A

Sustained attention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What kind of attention allows us to attend to many sources of information at once?

A

Divided attention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The cocktail party phenomenon best illustrates what type of atention?

A

Selective attention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In these tasks people learn to ignore what is presented to the opposite ear and become very
good at only paying attention to one of the messages.

A

Dichotic listening tasks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The rhythm is the biological rhythm that occurs over approximately 24 hours.

A

Circadian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

REM sleep is characterized by

A

Quick fast eye movements and dreaming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What disorder is characterized by a persistent difficulty falling or staying asleep?

A

Insomnia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A disorder characterized by extreme daytime sleepiness with frequent episodes of nodding off

A

Narcolepsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Research found that older adults who had better sleep patterns also lived longer.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The hidden psychological meaning of a dream.

A

Latent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Chemical substances that alter brain function by causing temporary changes in perception,
mood, consciousness and behavior are called

A

Psychoactive drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

the four primary classes of drugs?

A

stimulants, depressants, opioids, and hallucinogens.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

These block the reuptake of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin in the synapses of the
CNS.

A

Stimulant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

These substances induce a soothing influence, promote sleep, alleviate pain, and decelerate heart rate and breathing:

A

Depressant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Our bodies naturally produce ___ to reduce pain and produce euphoria.

A

Opioids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which are most likely to cause altered sensory and perceptual experiences?

A

Hallucinogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What ways can we alter consciousness?

A

Hypnosis
Meditation
Sensory Deprivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
People who are more "hypnotizable" are often higher in what trait?
Empathy
26
Prolonged sensory deprivation is good for a person because it helps you feel more relaxed.
False
27
What is an essential component of self-defeating behaviours?
Escape from consciousness
28
Who is gonerally regarded as the most famous advocate of the importance of unconscious processes?
Freud
29
If we were to measure your brain waves when you were asked which snack you would prefer, we would find that before you consciously made your choice neural activity occurred that reflected you had already made up your mind.
800 milliseconds
30
The effect refers to the idea that people like people, places, or things only because they are familiar with them and have regular contact with them.
Mere-exposure
31
akrasia
what Socrates called lack of control over oneself
32
low awareness
subtle sometimes subliminal influence of information on our behaviour
33
high awareness
refers to our consciousness of what is going on around us
34
the river analogy
low awareness is floating on a raft letting the current push you high awareness is traveling in a canoe having to paddle and steer
35
priming
activation of certain concepts and associations from memory
36
Stroop effect
psychological phenomenon where people take longer to name the color of a word when it doesn't match the word's meaning
37
hypnosis
state of consciousness that involves focused attention, reduced peripheral awareness, and an enhanced capacity to respond to suggestion
38
dissococation
separation of ones awareness from everything beside what one is centrally focused on
39
example of sustained attention
studying for an hour solely focusing on it
40
divided attention example
driving, steering, pushing pedals, etc
41
cocktail party phenomenon
while at a crowded party you are listening to a conversation while many others are going on and you may not notice other things around you, but if someone says your name you automatically shift your attention to them
42
broadbent model of cocktail party
made sense but it does not explain why we can be at a party and suddenly hear our name called across the room
43
treisman's model of the cocktail party
explains why the cocktail party phenomenon occurs. Or why we can monitor some of the information presented to the non-attended ear but don’t get all of it
44
late selection model of cocktail party
is consistent with idea of subliminal messaging and that anything presented in your environment, conscious or otherwise, can influence your behavior
45
circadian rhythm examples
heart rate blood pressure blood
46
what happens when light is low
the nucleus analyzes the light and send signals tot he pineal gland which secretes melatonin to produce sleep
47
electrocephalogram
people sleeping in research labs while hooked up to monitors to track brain waves
48
2 major sleep stages
REM Non-REM
49
REM sleep
rapid eye movements and dreaming 25% of sleep external awareness diminishes and consciousness is filled with minimal thinking
50
Non REM sleeping
slow brainwaves that are divided into 3 stages each lasting about 90 minutes
51
NREM stage 1
just starting to fall asleep with theta waves
52
NREM stage 2
light sleep, occasional sleep spindles, consolidating memories 55% of sleep
53
NREM stage 3
deep sleep, increased muscle relaxation, delta waves 20-25% of sleep sleep walking nightmares bed wetting
54
why are erections common in the morning
the limbic system is increased in the morning and it causes sexual arousal
55
sleep apnea
a sleep disorder characterized by pauses in breathing that last 10 seconds
56
cataplexy
when someone loses muscle tone resulting in partial or complete collapse
57
somnambulism
sleep walking
58
bruxism
grinding teeth during sleep
59
restless leg syndrome
itching, burning, or uncomfortable feeling in the legs
60
cost of 5 days without sleeping
DAY 1 difficulty focusing DAY 2 moodiness difficulty focusing DAY 3 irritability memory lapses small hallucinations DAY 4 hallucinations knowing they aren't real DAY 5 paranoia
61
manifest content of dreams
literal context and actions of the dream
62
latent context of dreams
hidden psychological meaning of the dream
63
activation synthesis theory of dreaming
dreams our brains interpret of the random firing of neurons in the brain stem
64
psychoactive drugs
chemical that changes our states of consciousness, perceptions, and moods
65
4 classes of psychoactive drugs
stimulants depressants opioids hallucinogens
66
stimulants
block the reuptake of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin in synapses of the CNS
67
stimulants examples
caffeine nicotine cocaine
68
effects of stimulants
heightened heart rates breathing rates pupil dilation increased blood sugar decreased appetite
69
depressants
increase production of GABA and decrease production of acetylcholine
70
symptoms of depressants
calming effects, sleep, pain relief, slowed heart rate, and respiration
71
opioids
help reduce pain and produce euphoria
72
symptoms of opioids
slowing body functions, constipation, respiratory, and cardiac depression and the rapid development of tolerance
73
hallucinogens
psychoactive drugs that significantly alter consciousness, perception, and may induce hallucinations
74
safety ratio
a way to determine how dangerous a drug is based on the dose likely to be fatal divided by the normal dose needed to feel the effects
75
how was hypnosis discovered
by Franz Anton Mesmer an Austrian doctor who believed people were filled with magnetic energy. He moved a magnet along them trying to remove their problems and they fell into a trace-like state feeling better when they awoke
76
sensory deprivation
intentionally reduces sensory stimuli to induce changes in consciousness
77
example of the mere-exposure effect
I'm loving it from McDonalds

Psychology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions