Chapter 4: Genetics And Evolution Flashcards
True or false nature also has the ability to change even supposedly “fixed: traits such as height
true
why is there a methodological advantage to twin studies
they share DNA which means you can contribute their behaviour to their DNA
a heritability coefficient is
it estimates the proportion of the variability in a trait that is due to genetic inheritance
the process in which the DNA itself is modified by environmental events and those genetic changes are then transmitted to children
epigenetics
the science of how _____ and ______ work together to influence behaviour is called behavioral genetics
genes & environment
what is a major problem with arriving at a conclusive scientific answer to the nature-nurture debate
humans cannot easily be randomly assigned to different genetic and environmental conditions
example of gene-environment interplay
a child who experiences trauma will be impacted different dependent upon their genes
an example of the influence of nature, or genetics, on a person
a child of a divorced parents showing the same tendency toward extroversion as her twin sister living across the country with her father
a heritability coefficient is
a measure of the strength of the relationship between individual differences in a given trait and individual genetic differences
evolution
traits and behaviours that are advantages to our survival
fitness in evolutionary psychology refers to
reproductive success
over time species can evolve new traits and behaviours that increase reproductive success. They are called
adaptations
bringing gifts on a date is an example of
evolution
kevin is afraid of heights, fears spiders, what do these qualities help him with
survival
example of intrasexual competition
playing competitive basketball
preferential mate choice is known as
intersexual selection
researchers have found that men generally are more likely than women to be willing to consent to sex with strangers and to require less emotional investment for sex to occur, why is this
the investment coast of a pregnancy is much higher for women
according to inclusive fitness who are you most likely to help
family because they will carry on your blood line
psychological adpatation
mechanisms that occur in the mind as a result of the environment
whenever uncertain situations present us with safer vs more dangerous decision, we will psychologically adapt to prefer choices that minimize the cost of error
error management theory
Marsha was talking to Conrad being very friendly, smiling, and touching his arm when she laughed. Due to _______ bias Conrad interpreted these unclear cues as sexual interest from Marsha
Sexual over perception
In comparison to me, since the stakes are _____ for women, wise mating decisions are _____ valuable
Higher
More
According to Epigenetics, how much do early life experience influence later mental and physical health?
Quite a bit
What provided the strongest evidence for the impact of adverse environmental conditions on children’s development and health?
Children of women who were pregnant while exposed to famine