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Comm 1000 > Chapter 7: communicating in social and professional relationships > Flashcards

Chapter 7: communicating in social and professional relationships Flashcards

1
Q

Why do relationships matter?

A

The need to belong theory

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2
Q

The need to belong theory

A

a psychological theory proposing a fundamental human inclination to bond with others
a. “Innate”
b. We Need relationships - emotionally close relationships + need to belong

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3
Q

4 Relationship types

A
  • Virtual
  • Pinocchio
  • Cyber-emigrant
  • Real worlders
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4
Q

Virtual

A

meeting online, relationship stays online

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5
Q

Pinocchio

A

relationships starts online, then meet in person

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6
Q

Cyber-emigrant

A

from face to face relationship to online relationship
Ex: moved to another state, use FaceTime to communicate now instead of face-to-face

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7
Q

Real worlders

A

met face to face, primarily communicate face to face

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8
Q

What types of rewards do relationships bring?

A
  • emotional
  • material
  • health
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9
Q

Emotional rewards

A

Two types of emotional rewards:
- Emotional support
- happiness

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10
Q

Material rewards

A

relationships help us meet our material needs
- “social capital”: resources we have as a result of our social relationships

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11
Q

social capital

A

resources we have as a result of our social relationships

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12
Q

Health rewards

A

positive social relationships provide good health

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13
Q

Why form relationships?

A

Attraction theory

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14
Q

Attraction theory

A

theory that explains why individuals are drawn to others

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15
Q

Interpersonal attraction

A

force that draws people together

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16
Q

Physical attraction

A

attraction to someone’s appearance (appears physically healthy)

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17
Q

Social attraction

A

attraction to someone’s personality

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18
Q

Task-oriented attraction

A

attraction to someone’s abilities, dependability (EX: you’re ambitious, want someone equally as ambitious)

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19
Q

Appearance

A

physical (evolution)

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20
Q

Proximity

A

how close someone is to you (distance)

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21
Q

Similarity

A

how much you have in common

22
Q

Complementarity

A

complement each other (opposite attracts)
a) What one lacks, other provides
b) Ex: short person gets with tall person

23
Q

Culture’s effect on attractiveness

A

Culture can influence our perception of attractiveness
- Different cultures have different standards for attractiveness

24
Q

Berger and Calabrese’s uncertainty reduction theory

A

theory suggesting that people find uncertainty to be unpleasant, so they are motivated to reduce their uncertainty by getting to know others.

25
Uncertainty
the more you learn about someone, the more you’ll like them
26
Sunnafrank's predicted outcome value theory
When you dislike the information you learn about others, that information can cause us to like them less, not more
27
Social exchange theory
theory suggesting that people seek to maintain relationships in which the benefits outweigh their costs - Benefits > costs
28
Comparison level
A realistic expectation of what one wants or thinks they deserve from a relationship - Determines how happy you will be in a relationship based on what you know/expected
29
Comparison level: alternatives
An assessment/comparison of how much better the current relationship is than other options - Leaving costs you more than staying - Considers the costs
30
Equity theory
theory suggesting that a good relationship is one in which one's ratio of costs and benefits is equal to the partner's EX: costs your time, compromising
31
Over-benefited
A state in which one's relational benefits outweigh one's costs
32
Under-benefited
A state in which one's relational costs outweigh one's benefits
33
Relational maintenance behaviors theory
theory specifying the primary behaviors people use to maintain their relationships
34
5 primary relational maintenance behaviors
- Positivity - Openness - Assurances - Social networks - Sharing tasks
35
Positivity
includes behaviors such as acting friendly and cheerful EX: smile, express affection and appreciation for others
36
Openness
describes a person's willingness to discuss his or her relationship with a friend or other relational partner EX: disclosing thoughts and feelings, asking how their friend feels about the relationship
37
Assurances
verbal and nonverbal behaviors that people use to stress their faithfulness and commitment to others Ex: assuring statements (of course I'll help you, you're my friend)
38
Social networks
includes all the friendships and family relationships you have, whether those relationships are maintained online or face to face EX: sharing social networks with another
39
Social Convergence theory
when your social networks and your friend's social networks are intertwined/connected
40
Sharing tasks
performing your fair share of the work in a friendship EX: your friend drives you somewhere, you give her your Netflix password - Scratching each other's backs
41
Self-disclosure
act of intentionally giving others information about oneself that one believes is true but thinks others don't already have - Intentional (directly telling someone) + truthful (no lies) information
42
Breadth
the range of topics we self-disclose to various people
43
Depth
the degree of personal/intimacy of our self-disclosures
44
More breadth, less depth ?
range of topics to talk about, but you don’t know anything about the person you're talking to
45
More depth, less breadth ?
focused on one topic (ex: always talking about their drama at home)
46
Risks of self-disclosure:
- Rejection
47
Benefits of self-disclosure
- Emotional release
48
Cultural disclosure
- Some cultures keep things to themselves
49
Social penetration theory
theory suggesting that the depth and breadth of self-disclosure help us learn about a person we are getting to know
50
Norm of reciprocity
the social expectation that favors should be reciprocated - “Give something, get something” - Applies to disclosure (the more you share with someone, the more someone will share about themselves)
51
Friendship
Voluntary - Relationships between peers - Cannot truly be friends with someone who is a higher power than you
52
Peers
someone similar to us in status or power - cannot be your teacher or professor because they hold a higher power over you - ex: teacher cannot be your friend because they hold grading power over you

Comm 1000 (11 decks)

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