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Comm 1000 > Chapter 7: communicating in social and professional relationships > Flashcards

Chapter 7: communicating in social and professional relationships Flashcards

1
Q

Why do relationships matter?

A

The need to belong theory

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2
Q

The need to belong theory

A

a psychological theory proposing a fundamental human inclination to bond with others
a. “Innate”
b. We Need relationships - emotionally close relationships + need to belong

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3
Q

4 Relationship types

A
  • Virtual
  • Pinocchio
  • Cyber-emigrant
  • Real worlders
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4
Q

Virtual

A

meeting online, relationship stays online

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5
Q

Pinocchio

A

relationships starts online, then meet in person

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6
Q

Cyber-emigrant

A

from face to face relationship to online relationship
Ex: moved to another state, use FaceTime to communicate now instead of face-to-face

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7
Q

Real worlders

A

met face to face, primarily communicate face to face

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8
Q

What types of rewards do relationships bring?

A
  • emotional
  • material
  • health
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9
Q

Emotional rewards

A

Two types of emotional rewards:
- Emotional support
- happiness

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10
Q

Material rewards

A

relationships help us meet our material needs
- “social capital”: resources we have as a result of our social relationships

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11
Q

social capital

A

resources we have as a result of our social relationships

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12
Q

Health rewards

A

positive social relationships provide good health

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13
Q

Why form relationships?

A

Attraction theory

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14
Q

Attraction theory

A

theory that explains why individuals are drawn to others

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15
Q

Interpersonal attraction

A

force that draws people together

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16
Q

Physical attraction

A

attraction to someone’s appearance (appears physically healthy)

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17
Q

Social attraction

A

attraction to someone’s personality

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18
Q

Task-oriented attraction

A

attraction to someone’s abilities, dependability (EX: you’re ambitious, want someone equally as ambitious)

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19
Q

Appearance

A

physical (evolution)

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20
Q

Proximity

A

how close someone is to you (distance)

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21
Q

Similarity

A

how much you have in common

22
Q

Complementarity

A

complement each other (opposite attracts)
a) What one lacks, other provides
b) Ex: short person gets with tall person

23
Q

Culture’s effect on attractiveness

A

Culture can influence our perception of attractiveness
- Different cultures have different standards for attractiveness

24
Q

Berger and Calabrese’s uncertainty reduction theory

A

theory suggesting that people find uncertainty to be unpleasant, so they are motivated to reduce their uncertainty by getting to know others.

25
Q

Uncertainty

A

the more you learn about someone, the more you’ll like them

26
Q

Sunnafrank’s predicted outcome value theory

A

When you dislike the information you learn about others, that information can cause us to like them less, not more

27
Q

Social exchange theory

A

theory suggesting that people seek to maintain relationships in which the benefits outweigh their costs
- Benefits > costs

28
Q

Comparison level

A

A realistic expectation of what one wants or thinks they deserve from a relationship
- Determines how happy you will be in a relationship based on what you know/expected

29
Q

Comparison level: alternatives

A

An assessment/comparison of how much better the current relationship is than other options
- Leaving costs you more than staying
- Considers the costs

30
Q

Equity theory

A

theory suggesting that a good relationship is one in which one’s ratio of costs and benefits is equal to the partner’s
EX: costs your time, compromising

31
Q

Over-benefited

A

A state in which one’s relational benefits outweigh one’s costs

32
Q

Under-benefited

A

A state in which one’s relational costs outweigh one’s benefits

33
Q

Relational maintenance behaviors theory

A

theory specifying the primary behaviors people use to maintain their relationships

34
Q

5 primary relational maintenance behaviors

A
  • Positivity
  • Openness
  • Assurances
  • Social networks
  • Sharing tasks
35
Q

Positivity

A

includes behaviors such as acting friendly and cheerful
EX: smile, express affection and appreciation for others

36
Q

Openness

A

describes a person’s willingness to discuss his or her relationship with a friend or other relational partner
EX: disclosing thoughts and feelings, asking how their friend feels about the relationship

37
Q

Assurances

A

verbal and nonverbal behaviors that people use to stress their faithfulness and commitment to others
Ex: assuring statements (of course I’ll help you, you’re my friend)

38
Q

Social networks

A

includes all the friendships and family relationships you have, whether those relationships are maintained online or face to face
EX: sharing social networks with another

39
Q

Social Convergence theory

A

when your social networks and your friend’s social networks are intertwined/connected

40
Q

Sharing tasks

A

performing your fair share of the work in a friendship
EX: your friend drives you somewhere, you give her your Netflix password
- Scratching each other’s backs

41
Q

Self-disclosure

A

act of intentionally giving others information about oneself that one believes is true but thinks others don’t already have
- Intentional (directly telling someone) + truthful (no lies) information

42
Q

Breadth

A

the range of topics we self-disclose to various people

43
Q

Depth

A

the degree of personal/intimacy of our self-disclosures

44
Q

More breadth, less depth ?

A

range of topics to talk about, but you don’t know anything about the person you’re talking to

45
Q

More depth, less breadth ?

A

focused on one topic (ex: always talking about their drama at home)

46
Q

Risks of self-disclosure:

A
  • Rejection
47
Q

Benefits of self-disclosure

A
  • Emotional release
48
Q

Cultural disclosure

A
  • Some cultures keep things to themselves
49
Q

Social penetration theory

A

theory suggesting that the depth and breadth of self-disclosure help us learn about a person we are getting to know

50
Q

Norm of reciprocity

A

the social expectation that favors should be reciprocated
- “Give something, get something”
- Applies to disclosure (the more you share with someone, the more someone will share about themselves)

51
Q

Friendship

A

Voluntary
- Relationships between peers
- Cannot truly be friends with someone who is a higher power than you

52
Q

Peers

A

someone similar to us in status or power
- cannot be your teacher or professor because they hold a higher power over you
- ex: teacher cannot be your friend because they hold grading power over you

Comm 1000 (11 decks)

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