Chapter 1: Understand the process of communication

Question 1

What is communication?

Answer 1

Process by which people use, Signs, Symbols and Behavior to exchange info + meaning

Question 2

Why do we communicate?

Answer 2

NEEDS AND MODELS

Question 3

What are Physical Needs?

Answer 3

Physical: humans need to communicate w/ each other

Question 4

What are Relational Needs?

Answer 4

Relational: essential elements ppl seek in their relationships with others. provides companionship (ex: friends), and affection

Question 5

What are Identity Needs?

Answer 5

Identity: self-identity, we need feedback from other people to help us define ourselves

Question 6

What are spiritual needs?

Answer 6

Spiritual: principles/Believing in something/values (doesn’t have to be religious), meeting ppl that have similar values

Question 7

What are Instrumental needs?

Answer 7

Instrumental: day-to-day needs (ex: how to get somewhere), most of our communication comes from here

Question 8

What is the action model?

Answer 8

Action —-> source/sender –> encodes message —-> RECEIVER (decodes message)

Question 9

What is the source/sender in relation to the action model?

Answer 9

Source = originator of a thought of an idea

Question 10

What does encode mean in the action model?

Answer 10

Encodes = putting an idea into words/gestures

Question 11

What does channel/medium mean in action model?

Answer 11

Channel/medium = pathway where you communicate (ex: texting, calling)

Question 12

What does message mean in action model?

Answer 12

Message: can be verbal or nonverbal communication. People give these gestures meaning.

Question 13

What does receive mean in action model?

Answer 13

Receive = decodes message to understand using their own vocabulary

Question 14

What is the interaction model?

Answer 14

feedback + context
<————————->

Question 15

What does feedback mean in relation to interaction model?

Answer 15

Feedback = given to you by the receiver

Question 16

What does context mean in relation to interaction model?

Answer 16

Context = adapting based on the environment

Question 17

What is the transaction model?

Answer 17

Senders <—–> receivers
- most complicated model of communication

Question 18

What is the relationship between senders and receivers in the transaction model?

Answer 18

Senders and receivers are simultaneous, the receiver is giving you a brand new message when you communicate with them

Question 19

What is noise?

Answer 19

Anything that distracts you from receiving a message
Ex: hunger, feeling sleepy

Question 20

What are channel “rich” contexts?

Answer 20

communication environments involving many channels at once
Ex: texts (includes emojis)

Question 21

What are Channel “lean” contexts?

Answer 21

communication environments involving few channels at once
Ex: email (Only words)

Question 22

What are Perceptual filters?

Answer 22

incoming communication through perceptions, experiences, biases, and beliefs

Question 23

What are symbols?

Answer 23

a representation of an idea that is given meaning by people

Question 24

What is “Literal” - Content dimension?

Answer 24

literal information that is communicated by a message/focusing on the literal context of the message
EX: “I’m sad”
content dimension = you’re feeling sad

Question 25

What is Relational dimension?

Answer 25

signals about the relationship in which a message is being communicated
- Focusing on the relationship w/ the person instead of literal content
EX: “I’m feeling sad”
relational dimension = you’re comfortable telling this person your feelings

Question 26

What is metacommunication?

Answer 26

communicating about communication
- How you say something (tone, reactions, etc)
- Not the message, but how you say it

Question 27

What are explicit rules?

Answer 27

rules that have been clearly articulated
- EX: Don’t talk with your mouth full

Question 28

What are implicit rules?

Answer 28

rules that have NOT been clearly articulated but are understood
- Rules that almost everyone in a certain social group knows and follows, even though no one articulated them
- EX: Don’t cut in front of someone else

Question 29

What is intrapersonal communication?

Answer 29

communication with oneself

Question 30

What is interpersonal communication?

Answer 30

communication between 2 ppl in the context of their relationship

Question 31

What is small group communication?

Answer 31

communication occurring in small groups (3-20 ppl)

Question 32

What is public communication?

Answer 32

Communication directed at an audience that is larger than a small group

Question 33

What is mass communication?

Answer 33

Communication to a large audience that is transmitted by media

Question 34

What is effective communication?

Answer 34

what you are trying to achieve (achieving your goals)

Question 35

What is appropriate communication?

Answer 35

following/considering rules, expectations, culture

Question 36

What is cognitively complex?

Answer 36

the ability to understand a situation in multiple ways
- Consider other reasons why someone responded to something you said/did

Question 37

What is being self aware?

Answer 37

high self-monitor
- Adapt, empathy

Question 38

what does adapt mean?

Answer 38

to modifiy one’s behaviour to accommodate what others are doing

Question 39

low self-monitoring

Answer 39

oblivious
- Act inappropriate, embarrass other people, doesn’t adapt to the environment

Question 40

High self monitor

Answer 40

self-aware
- Adapt their communication to the environment, empathy