Chapter 5: Nonverbal Communicaton

Question 1

Non-verbal communication

Answer 1

Behaviors + Characteristics that convey meaning without words
- 65-70% of our communication is nonverbal
- Can accompany words/verbal messages to clarify or reinforce them
- Powerful way of communicating, comes naturally to us
- They “meta communicate” (Communication about communication)

Question 2

Emotions

Answer 2

shown through facial expressions, vocal behaviors

facial behavior is our primary means of communicating emotion

Question 3

Use nonverbals to…

Answer 3

• Manage conversations
• Immediacy behaviors: nonverbals that signal affection
• Facial: identity

Question 4

Emojis

Answer 4

cartoon depictions of faces and other objects

Question 5

Nonverbal channels

Answer 5

the various behavioral forms that nonverbal communication takes

Question 6

Deception

Answer 6

the act of leading others to believe something the speaker knows to be true

Question 7

Nonverbal is believed OVER verbal… Why?

Answer 7

• Harder to control nonverbals than our words
• “Talk is cheap”
  ○ Actions speak louder than words
• When deciding between what someone says vs what they do, people will choose what they do

Question 8

Facial displays

Answer 8

facial expressions that are an important source of information in nonverbal communication
3 functions:
- identity
- attractiveness
- emotion

Question 9

3 functions of facial displays

Answer 9

• Identity
• Attractiveness
• Emotion

Question 10

Identity

Answer 10

face is the most important visual clue that humans use to identify one another

Question 11

Attractiveness

Answer 11

face plays a large role in attractiveness
○ Symmetry: the similarity between left and right sides of face or body
○ Proportionality: the relative sizes of facial body features

Question 12

Oculesics

Answer 12

study of eye behaviors
- Lack of eye contact: can be misinterpreted based on culture

Question 13

Kinesics

Answer 13

study of movements and posture (“kinetic energy”)

Question 14

Gesticulation

Answer 14

study of arm and hand movements

Question 15

Emblems

Answer 15

special type of gesticulation (arm/hand movement) that has a direct verbal translation
○ Ex: waving, middle finger, thumbs up
○ Can have different meanings depending on culture

Question 16

Illustrators

Answer 16

gestures that go along with verbal message to clarify something
○ EX: someone gives directions, says “over there” and points in the proper direction
○ EX: teacher sees you raising hand, says “you” and points at you

Question 17

Affect displays

Answer 17

gestures that communicate emotions
EX: ringing hands = showing nervousness

Question 18

Regulators

Answer 18

gestures used to control the flow of conversation
○ Ex: raising hand - allows you to speak, conversation to class stops and it focuses on you
○ Ex: Holding out hand = “stop talking”

Question 19

Adaptors

Answer 19

gestures used to satisfy personal needs
○ Ex: itching yourself, picking lint off of your clothes

Question 20

Haptics

Answer 20

study of sense of touch

Question 21

Types of touch

Answer 21

• Affectionate
• Caregiving
• Power and control
• Aggressive
• Ritualistic

Question 22

Affectionate touch

Answer 22

contributes to physical and mental well-being
- Ex: couple holding hands, holding baby, hugging, kissing

Question 23

Caregiving

Answer 23

touch from receiving some form of care or service
○ Reflects positive emotion for the person being touched, but doesn’t have to
- Ex: doctors touch you to give you care
- Ex: someone cutting your hair

Question 24

Power and control touch

Answer 24

touch used to exert power over other people’s behavior
- EX: grabbing child hand to cross the street, cop grabbing you out of car

Question 25

Aggressive touch

Answer 25

touch used to inflict harm
- Ex: kicking your child, cop punching you in the face, beating your kids
This touch is Usually a crime

Question 26

Ritualistic touch

Answer 26

touch done as part of a custom or tradition
- Ex: hug, handshake, kiss on cheek
○ Depends on culture

Question 27

Vocal behaviors

Answer 27

paralanguage: vocalic behavior that communicate meaning along with verbal behavior

Question 28

Pitch

Answer 28

Increasing or decreasing pitch

Question 29

Inflection

Answer 29

○ Variation in pitch
- More variation = expressive
- Less variation = monotone

Question 30

Accent

Answer 30

pattern of pronouncing vowel and consonant sounds that is representative of a particulatar language or geographic area
○ Everyone has an accent
○ Gives away nationality
Most likely means you’re bilingual

Question 31

Olfactics

Answer 31

study of sense of smell
- We are sexually attracted to someone who smells different from us, because evolution tells us that people who smell similar to us are in the same gene pool
- Oflactics are memories, we remember what we smell

Question 32

Proxemics

Answer 32

use of space
○ Some people spread themselves out, others crinch themselves up

Question 33

Intimate distancing

Answer 33

the zone of space willingly occupied only with intimate friends, family members, and romantic partners

Question 34

Personal distance

Answer 34

The zone of space occupied with close friends and relatives

Question 35

Social distance

Answer 35

The zone of space occupied with casual acquaintances

Question 36

Public distance

Answer 36

the zone of space maintained during a public presentation

Question 37

halo effect

Answer 37

attribute good qualities to attractive people (pretty privilege)

Question 38

Chronemics

Answer 38

use of time

Question 39

Artifacts

Answer 39

objects and visual features that reflect a person’s identity and preferences
EX: car you want to drive, clothes you want to wear

Question 40

Monochromic culture

Answer 40

“time is money”
- Always using time, showing up early, etc
- Ex: U.S, Europe

Question 41

Polychromic culture

Answer 41

show up whenever, time isn’t that important
Ex: Brazil, South America, Arab

Question 42

Sex

Answer 42

Women and men react with different nonverbal behaviors