Chapter 5: Nonverbal Communicaton Flashcards

1
Q

Non-verbal communication

A

Behaviors + Characteristics that convey meaning without words
- 65-70% of our communication is nonverbal
- Can accompany words/verbal messages to clarify or reinforce them
- Powerful way of communicating, comes naturally to us
- They “meta communicate” (Communication about communication)

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2
Q

Emotions

A

shown through facial expressions, vocal behaviors

facial behavior is our primary means of communicating emotion

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3
Q

Use nonverbals to…

A
  • Manage conversations
  • Immediacy behaviors: nonverbals that signal affection
  • Facial: identity
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4
Q

Emojis

A

cartoon depictions of faces and other objects

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5
Q

Nonverbal channels

A

the various behavioral forms that nonverbal communication takes

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6
Q

Deception

A

the act of leading others to believe something the speaker knows to be true

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7
Q

Nonverbal is believed OVER verbal… Why?

A
  • Harder to control nonverbals than our words
  • “Talk is cheap”
    ○ Actions speak louder than words
  • When deciding between what someone says vs what they do, people will choose what they do
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8
Q

Facial displays

A

facial expressions that are an important source of information in nonverbal communication
3 functions:
- identity
- attractiveness
- emotion

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9
Q

3 functions of facial displays

A
  • Identity
  • Attractiveness
  • Emotion
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10
Q

Identity

A

face is the most important visual clue that humans use to identify one another

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11
Q

Attractiveness

A

face plays a large role in attractiveness
○ Symmetry: the similarity between left and right sides of face or body
○ Proportionality: the relative sizes of facial body features

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12
Q

Oculesics

A

study of eye behaviors
- Lack of eye contact: can be misinterpreted based on culture

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13
Q

Kinesics

A

study of movements and posture (“kinetic energy”)

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14
Q

Gesticulation

A

study of arm and hand movements

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15
Q

Emblems

A

special type of gesticulation (arm/hand movement) that has a direct verbal translation
○ Ex: waving, middle finger, thumbs up
○ Can have different meanings depending on culture

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16
Q

Illustrators

A

gestures that go along with verbal message to clarify something
○ EX: someone gives directions, says “over there” and points in the proper direction
○ EX: teacher sees you raising hand, says “you” and points at you

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17
Q

Affect displays

A

gestures that communicate emotions
EX: ringing hands = showing nervousness

18
Q

Regulators

A

gestures used to control the flow of conversation
○ Ex: raising hand - allows you to speak, conversation to class stops and it focuses on you
○ Ex: Holding out hand = “stop talking”

19
Q

Adaptors

A

gestures used to satisfy personal needs
○ Ex: itching yourself, picking lint off of your clothes

20
Q

Haptics

A

study of sense of touch

21
Q

Types of touch

A
  • Affectionate
  • Caregiving
  • Power and control
  • Aggressive
  • Ritualistic
22
Q

Affectionate touch

A

contributes to physical and mental well-being
- Ex: couple holding hands, holding baby, hugging, kissing

23
Q

Caregiving

A

touch from receiving some form of care or service
○ Reflects positive emotion for the person being touched, but doesn’t have to
- Ex: doctors touch you to give you care
- Ex: someone cutting your hair

24
Q

Power and control touch

A

touch used to exert power over other people’s behavior
- EX: grabbing child hand to cross the street, cop grabbing you out of car

25
Aggressive touch
touch used to inflict harm - Ex: kicking your child, cop punching you in the face, beating your kids This touch is Usually a crime
26
Ritualistic touch
touch done as part of a custom or tradition - Ex: hug, handshake, kiss on cheek ○ Depends on culture
27
Vocal behaviors
paralanguage: vocalic behavior that communicate meaning along with verbal behavior
28
Pitch
Increasing or decreasing pitch
29
Inflection
○ Variation in pitch - More variation = expressive - Less variation = monotone
30
Accent
pattern of pronouncing vowel and consonant sounds that is representative of a particulatar language or geographic area ○ Everyone has an accent ○ Gives away nationality Most likely means you’re bilingual
31
Olfactics
study of sense of smell - We are sexually attracted to someone who smells different from us, because evolution tells us that people who smell similar to us are in the same gene pool - Oflactics are memories, we remember what we smell
32
Proxemics
use of space ○ Some people spread themselves out, others crinch themselves up
33
Intimate distancing
the zone of space willingly occupied only with intimate friends, family members, and romantic partners
34
Personal distance
The zone of space occupied with close friends and relatives
35
Social distance
The zone of space occupied with casual acquaintances
36
Public distance
the zone of space maintained during a public presentation
37
halo effect
attribute good qualities to attractive people (pretty privilege)
38
Chronemics
use of time
39
Artifacts
objects and visual features that reflect a person's identity and preferences EX: car you want to drive, clothes you want to wear
40
Monochromic culture
“time is money” - Always using time, showing up early, etc - Ex: U.S, Europe
41
Polychromic culture
show up whenever, time isn’t that important Ex: Brazil, South America, Arab
42
Sex
Women and men react with different nonverbal behaviors