Chapter 7- Bones and bone tissue

Question 1

Bone functions

Answer 1

Shape
Support 
Protection
Movement
Electrolyte balance 
Blood production 
Acid base balance

Question 2

Long bones

Answer 2

Longer than they are wide

Femur and humerus

Question 3

Flat bones

Answer 3

Thin and flat
Protect organs
Skull ribs breast bones

Question 4

Irregular bones

Answer 4

Various sizes and shapes
Sesamoid bones
Vertebrae and knee

Question 5

Short bones

Answer 5

As broad as they are long

Carpals and tarsals

Question 6

Ossification

Answer 6

The creation of a new bone

Question 8

Articular cartilage

Answer 8

Then layer of Hyline cartilage covering the surface of the epiphysis

Question 10

Intramembraneous ossification

Answer 10

Process in the fetus whereby fiberous connective tissue evolves into bone

Question 11

Epiphyseal plate

Answer 11

Layer of cartilage separating Ephesus from the diaphysis at each end of a long bone

Question 12

Endochondral officication

Answer 12

Process in the fetus when cartilagenius Skelton transforms into bone

Question 13

Epiphysis

Answer 13

The head of each long bone

Question 15

Medullary cavity

Answer 15

The central Hollow portion of a long term that contains bone marrow

Question 16

Most childrens bins consist of what type of marrow

Answer 16

Red bone marrow

Adults have yellow

Question 17

Diaphysis

Answer 17

The central shaft like portion of a long bone

Question 18

Yellow bone marrow

Answer 18

Bone marrow that is rich in fat

Question 19

Red bone marrow

Answer 19

Bone marrow charged with producing red blood cells

Question 20

Endosteum

Answer 20

The epithelial membrane line in the inside of the medullary cavity

Question 21

Osteoblast

Answer 21

Bone forming cell

Question 21

Periosteum

Answer 21

Dense fibrous membrane covering the diaphysis

Question 22

Osteoclast

Answer 22

Bone cells that dissolve old or unhealthy bone

Question 23

Tensile strength

Answer 23

The ability to resist stretching forces

Collagen fibers

Question 24

Osteocyte

Answer 24

Mature osteoblast

Question 25

Torsional strength

Answer 25

The ability to resist twisting forces

Characteristics the bones lack

Question 26

Compressional strength

Answer 26

The ability to resist squeezing forces

Calcium salts

Question 27

Trabeculae

Answer 27

Lattiace work of osseous tissue that makes up The structure of spongy or cancellous bone

Question 28

Spongy bone

Answer 28

Also called Calcanellous bone found in the end of long bones and in the middle of the most others

Question 29

Canailiculi

Answer 29

Microscopic passageways that connect to lamellae each other

Question 29

Haversian canal

Answer 29

Essential canal and compact bone containing blood vessels and nerves surrounded by Lamelli

Question 29

Osteon

Answer 29

Basic structural unit of compact bone consisting of haversion canals and surrounding Lamellae

Question 30

Lamellae

Answer 30

Concentric rings of matrix surrounding haversion canal in compact bone

Question 31

Volkmans canal

Answer 31

Transverse passageways found in compact found in compact bone

Question 32

Lacunae

Answer 32

Tiny gaps between rings of lamelle in compact bone

Question 33

Comminuted fracture

Answer 33

Bone breaks into pieces

Question 33

Compound fracture

Answer 33

Break in a bone in which the bone has penetrated the skin

Question 33

Green stick fracture

Answer 33

Incomplete break in a bone

Question 33

Simple fracture

Answer 33

Breaking a bone which the bone remains of wind and the surrounding tissue in tact

Question 35

Cancellous bone

Answer 35

Spongy bone found in the ends of long bones and in the middle of most bones

Question 36

Spiral fracture

Answer 36

Fracture where the line spirals around the bone result of a twist in force

Question 37

Compact bone

Answer 37

Dense solid bone that formed the shafts of long bones in the outer surfaces of other bones