Chapter 11- Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Soma

A

Cell body

Contains the nucleus

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2
Q

Dendrite

A

Branches of a tree

Receive signals from other neurons and conduct the information to the cell body

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3
Q

Axon

A

Carries signals away from the cell body

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4
Q

Myelin sheath

A

Insulates the axon
PNS- Schwann cells
CNS- oligodendrocyte

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5
Q

Nodes of ranvier

A

Gaps in the myelin sheath

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6
Q

Synaptic knob

A

Vesicles containing a neurotransmitter

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7
Q

Neurilemma

A

Essential for injured nerves to regenerate

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8
Q

Grey matter

A

Lack of myelin

Contains cell bodies of motor neurons and interneurons

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9
Q

White matter

A

Abundance of myelin
Bundles of axons called tracts
Carry nurse impulses from one nervous system to another

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10
Q

Central canal

A

Carries cerebral spinal fluid through the spinal cord

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11
Q

Dura mater

A

Outer layer of spinal cord

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12
Q

Arachnoid mater

A

Middle layer surrounding the spinal cord

Subarachnoid mater filled with cerebral spinal fluid

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13
Q

Piamater

A

Inner most layer surrounding spinal cord

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14
Q

C1-C4 spinal nerves

A

Cervical plexus- muscles on skin of neck,top of shoulders, and part of the head
Phrenic nerve- diaphragm for breathing

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15
Q

C5-T1 nerves

A
Brachial plexus- lower part of the shoulder and arm
Auxiliary nerve- passes close to armpit 
Radial nerve
Ulnar nerve
Median nerve
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16
Q

L1-L4 spinal nerves

A

Lumbar plexus- thigh and leg

Femoral nerve

17
Q

L5-S4 spinal nerves

A
Sacral plexus (lumbosacral nerve)
Sciatic nerve- largest nerve in the body runs down back of the thigh
18
Q

Cerebrum

A

Largest portion of the brain

19
Q

Gyri

A

Thick ridges in the cerebrum

20
Q

Sulci

A

Shallow grooves in the cerebrum

21
Q

Fussures

A

Deep sulci

22
Q

Diencephalon

A

Sits between the cerebrum and the midbrain

23
Q

Cerebellum

A

Second largest portion of the brain
Sensory, cognitive, and emotional function
Tree like

24
Q

Midbrain

A

Tracts that relay sensory and motor impulses

25
Q

Pons

A

Tracts that relay sensory and motor information to different parts of the brain

26
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

Relays sensory and motor signals between brain and spinal cord
Respiratory center-regulates breathing
Cardiac center- regulates heart rate
Vasomotor center- controls blood vessel diameter (blood pressure)

27
Q

Thalamus

A

Part of diencephalon
Head
Sensory impulses
Smell, sight, taste, pain, pressure, heat, cold, touch

28
Q

Hypothalamus

A
Diencephalon 
Beak
Controls pituitary gland
Emotional responses
Homeostasis (hunger thirst temperature)
Automatic nervous system(blood pressure)
29
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Voluntary movement

Emotion, social judgement, decision making, reasoning, aggression, personality

30
Q

Parietal lobe

A

Interpreting sensations, and perception

31
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Visual information

32
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Hearing, smell, memory, learning, visual recognition

33
Q

Insula

A

Pain, addiction, emotions, motor control, cognitive function