Chapter 11- Nervous System

Question 1

Soma

Answer 1

Cell body

Contains the nucleus

Question 2

Dendrite

Answer 2

Branches of a tree

Receive signals from other neurons and conduct the information to the cell body

Question 3

Axon

Answer 3

Carries signals away from the cell body

Question 4

Myelin sheath

Answer 4

Insulates the axon
PNS- Schwann cells
CNS- oligodendrocyte

Question 5

Nodes of ranvier

Answer 5

Gaps in the myelin sheath

Question 6

Synaptic knob

Answer 6

Vesicles containing a neurotransmitter

Question 7

Neurilemma

Answer 7

Essential for injured nerves to regenerate

Question 8

Grey matter

Answer 8

Lack of myelin

Contains cell bodies of motor neurons and interneurons

Question 9

White matter

Answer 9

Abundance of myelin
Bundles of axons called tracts
Carry nurse impulses from one nervous system to another

Question 10

Central canal

Answer 10

Carries cerebral spinal fluid through the spinal cord

Question 11

Dura mater

Answer 11

Outer layer of spinal cord

Question 12

Arachnoid mater

Answer 12

Middle layer surrounding the spinal cord

Subarachnoid mater filled with cerebral spinal fluid

Question 13

Piamater

Answer 13

Inner most layer surrounding spinal cord

Question 14

C1-C4 spinal nerves

Answer 14

Cervical plexus- muscles on skin of neck,top of shoulders, and part of the head
Phrenic nerve- diaphragm for breathing

Question 15

C5-T1 nerves

Answer 15

Brachial plexus- lower part of the shoulder and arm
Auxiliary nerve- passes close to armpit 
Radial nerve
Ulnar nerve
Median nerve

Question 16

L1-L4 spinal nerves

Answer 16

Lumbar plexus- thigh and leg

Femoral nerve

Question 17

L5-S4 spinal nerves

Answer 17

Sacral plexus (lumbosacral nerve)
Sciatic nerve- largest nerve in the body runs down back of the thigh

Question 18

Cerebrum

Answer 18

Largest portion of the brain

Question 19

Gyri

Answer 19

Thick ridges in the cerebrum

Question 20

Sulci

Answer 20

Shallow grooves in the cerebrum

Question 21

Fussures

Answer 21

Deep sulci

Question 22

Diencephalon

Answer 22

Sits between the cerebrum and the midbrain

Question 23

Cerebellum

Answer 23

Second largest portion of the brain
Sensory, cognitive, and emotional function
Tree like

Question 24

Midbrain

Answer 24

Tracts that relay sensory and motor impulses

Question 25

Pons

Answer 25

Tracts that relay sensory and motor information to different parts of the brain

Question 26

Medulla oblongata

Answer 26

Relays sensory and motor signals between brain and spinal cord Respiratory center-regulates breathing Cardiac center- regulates heart rate Vasomotor center- controls blood vessel diameter (blood pressure)

Question 27

Thalamus

Answer 27

Part of diencephalon Head Sensory impulses Smell, sight, taste, pain, pressure, heat, cold, touch

Question 28

Hypothalamus

Answer 28

``` Diencephalon Beak Controls pituitary gland Emotional responses Homeostasis (hunger thirst temperature) Automatic nervous system(blood pressure) ```

Question 29

Frontal lobe

Answer 29

Voluntary movement | Emotion, social judgement, decision making, reasoning, aggression, personality

Question 30

Parietal lobe

Answer 30

Interpreting sensations, and perception

Question 31

Occipital lobe

Answer 31

Visual information

Question 32

Temporal lobe

Answer 32

Hearing, smell, memory, learning, visual recognition

Question 33

Insula

Answer 33

Pain, addiction, emotions, motor control, cognitive function