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A&P > Chapter 7 - Axial Skeleton > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - Axial Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

Alveolar process of the mandible

A

Upper border of mandibular body that contains the lower teeth

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2
Q

Alveolar process of the maxilla

A

Curved, inferior margin of the maxilla that supports and anchors the upper teeth

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3
Q

Angle of the mandible

A

Rounded corner located at outside margin of the body and ramus junction

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4
Q

Angle of the rib

A

Portion of the rib with greatest curvature; together, the rib angles from the most posterior extend of the thoracic cage

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5
Q

Anterior (ventral) sacral foramen

A

One of the series of paired openings located on the anterior (ventral) side of the sacrum

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6
Q

Anterior arch

A

Anterior portion of the ring-like C1 (atlas) vertebra

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7
Q

Anterior cranial fossa

A

Shallowest and most anterior cranial fossa of the cranial base that extends from the frontal bone to the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone

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8
Q

Anterior longitudinal ligament

A

Ligament that runs the length of the vertebral column, uniting the anterior aspects of the vertebral bodies

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9
Q

Anulus fibrosus

A

Tough, fibrous outer portion of an intervertebral disc, which is strongly anchored to the bodies of the adjacent vertebrae

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10
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

All bones of the upper and lower limbs, plus the girdle bones that attach each limb to the axial skeleton

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11
Q

Articular tubercle

A

Smooth ridge located on the inferior skull, immediately anterior to the mandibular fossa

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12
Q

Atlas

A

First cervical (C1) vertebra

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13
Q

Axial skeleton

A

Central, vertical axis of the body, including the skill, vertebral column, and thoracic cage

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14
Q

Axis

A

Second cervical (C2) vertebra

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15
Q

Body of the rib

A

Shaft portion of a rib

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16
Q

Brain case

A

Portion of the skull that contains and protects the brain, consisting of the eight bones that from the cranial base and rounded upper skull

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17
Q

Calvaria

A

(Also, skullcap) rounded top of the skull

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18
Q

Carotid canal

A

Zig-Zag tunnel providing passage through the base of the skill for the internal carotid artery to the brain; begins anteromedial to the styloid process and terminates in the middle cranial cavity, near the posterior-lateral base of the sella turcica

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19
Q

Cervical curve

A

Posteriorly concave curvature of the cervical column region; a secondary curve of the vertebral column

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20
Q

Cervical vertebrae

A

Seven vertebrae numbered as C1-C7 that are located in the neck region of the vertebral column

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21
Q

Clavicular notch

A

Paired notches located on the superior-lateral sides of the sternal manubrium, for articulation with the clavicle

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22
Q

Coccyx

A

Small bone located at interior end of the adult vertebral column that is formed by the fusion of four coccygeal vertebrae; also referred to as the “tailbone”

23
Q

Condylar process of the mandible

A

Thickened upward projection from posterior margin of mandibular ramus

24
Q

Condyle

A

Oval-shaped process located at the top of the condylar process of the mandible

25
Q

Coronal suture

A

Joint that unites the frontal bone to the right and left parietal bones across the top of the skull

26
Q

Coronoid process of the mandible

A

Flattened upward projection from the anterior margin of the mandibular ramus

27
Q

Costal cartilage

A

Hyaline cartilage structure attached to the anterior end of each rib that provides for either direct or indirect attachment of most ribs to the sternum

28
Q

Costal facet

A

Site on the lateral sides of a thoracic vertebra for articulation with the head of a rib

29
Q

Costal groove

A

Shallow groove along the interior margin of a rib that provides passage for blood vessels and a nerve

30
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Inferior space of the skull that houses the brain

31
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Interior space of the skull that houses the brain

32
Q

Cranium

A

Skull

33
Q

Cribriform plate

A

Small, flattened areas with numerous small openings, located to either side of the midline in the floor or the anterior cranial fossa; formed by the ethmoid bone

34
Q

Crista galli

A

Small upward projection located at the midline in the floor of the anterior cranial fossa, formed by the ethmoid bone

35
Q

Dens

A

Bony projection (odontoid process) that extends upward from the body of the C2 (axis) vertebra

36
Q

Ear Ossicles

A

Three small bones located in the middle ear cavity that serve to transmit sound vibrations to the inner ear

37
Q

Ethmoid air cell

A

One of several small, air-filled spaces located within the lateral sides of the ethmoid bone, between the orbit and the upper nasal cavity

38
Q

Ethmoid bone

A

Unpaired bone that forms the roof and upper, lateral walls of the nasal cavity, portions of the floor of the anterior cranial fossa and and medial wall of orbit, and the upper portion of the nasal septum

39
Q

External acoustic meatus

A

Ear canal opening located on the lateral side of the skull

40
Q

External occipital protuberance

A

Small bump located at midline on the posterior skull

41
Q

Facet

A

Small, flattened area on a bone for an articulation (joint) with another bone, or for muscle attachment

42
Q

Facial bones

A

14 bones that support the facial structure and form the upper and lower jaws and the hard plate

43
Q

False ribs

A

Vertebrochondral ribs 8-12 whose costal cartilage either attaches indirectly to the sternum via the costal cartilage of the next higher rib or does not attach to the sternum at all

44
Q

Floating ribs

A

Vertebral ribs 11-12 that do not attach to the sternum or to the costal cartilage of another rib

45
Q

Fontanelle

A

Expanded area of fibrous connective tissue that separates the brain case bones of the skull prior ro birth and during the first year after birth

46
Q

Foramen lacerum

A

Irregular opening in the base of the skull, located inferior to the exit of carotid canal

47
Q

Foramen magnum

A

Large opening in the occipital bone of the skull through which the spinal cord emerges and the vertebral arteries enter the cranium

48
Q

Foramen oval of the middle cranial fossq

A

Oval-shaped opening in the floor of the middle cranial fossa

49
Q

Foramen rotundum

A

Round opening in the floor of the middle cranial fossa, located between the superior orbital fissure and foramen ovale

50
Q

Foramen spinosum

A

Small opening in the floor of the middle cranial fossa, located lateral to the foramen oval

51
Q

Frontal bone

A

Unpaired bone that forms forehead, roof of orbit, and floor of anterior cranial fossa

52
Q

Frontal sinus

A

Air-filled space within the frontal bone; most anterior of the paranasal sinuses

53
Q

Glabella

A

Slight depression of frontal bone, located at the midline between the eyebrows

A&P (19 decks)

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