Chapter 7: Archaeology of the last 5,000 years

Question 1

Characteristics of a state

Answer 1

An agricultural base
Writing
State level political organization
At least 1 city
Control of a specific territory

Question 2

Egalitarianism

Answer 2

No class divisions except by age, gender, and one’s abilities.

Question 3

Ranked society

Answer 3

Hereditary inequality.

Question 4

Mesopotamia

Answer 4

Cradle of civilization
Large scale food production
Trade and travel
Writing system- taxes
Massive temples

Question 5

Ecological collapse of a state

Answer 5

Climate change
Crop disease
Depletion of soil nutrients

Question 6

Sociopolitical collapse of states

Answer 6

Internal conflict
War
Failure of trading networks

Question 7

Ideological collapse of states

Answer 7

Too many resources spent on religious activities

Question 8

Ozette site

Answer 8

Washington area
Oldest variety of potato in NA
Spanish potatoes from Andes
Still planted today

Question 9

Historic archaeology

Answer 9

Focuses on an area and time period for which written records exist.

Question 10

Garbology

Answer 10

Study of contemporary North American waste.

Question 11

Pseudoarchaeology

Answer 11

Archaeology without testable hypotheses (Ex: aliens & pyramids)

Question 12

Social stratification

Answer 12

Sharp social divisions based on unequal access to wealth and power.