Chapter 7 Flashcards
List the 8 herpes simplex viruses and their common names.
1- Herpes Labialis 2- Genital herpes 3- Varicella-zoster 4- Epstein-Barr virus 5- Cytomegalovirus 6- HHV-6 7- HHV-7 8- Kaposi’s sarcoma
For HSV-1, what is the type of clinical presentation you will see in younger patients vs 18+?
Younger patients will have the gingivostomatits, 18+ will present with pharyngotonsillitis.
What is the most common site of latency for the HSV-1 virus?
Trigeminal ganglion.
What is the most common site for reactivation of the HSV-1 virus?
Vermilion border.
Where will the intraoral lesions occur of recurrent herpes simplex virus?
Almost always on the keratinized bound mucosa.
What is the name for primary infection of HSV-1?
Acute herpetic gingivostomatitis.
What type of tissues can be affect with the primary infection oh HSV-1?
Both attached and movable.
What is the HSV-1 infection of thumb and fingers called?
Herpetic whitlow.
What is the HSV-1 infection found in wrestlers and rugby players?
herpes gladiatorum
What is the HSV-1 infection that spread through the facial beard region?
Herpes barbae
What are the histopathological features of HSV?
Multinucleation, ballooning degeneration, and Tzank cells.
What is the reoccurrence of HSV-3 called?
Herpes zoster or shingles.
Where is the latency location for HSV-3?
Dorsal root ganglion
What is one of the greatest concerns with HSV on the facial region?
If the tip of the nose is involved, it is a sign that ocular involvement may occur and could lead to blindness or death.
What is Ramsay Hunt Syndrome?
Syndrome associated with HSV-3 that involves the ipsilateral face leading to facial paralysis, hearing deficits, and vertigo.
What is the most common disease resulting from infection with HHV-4?
Infectious mononucleosis.
What are the oral lesions that demonstrate EBV?
Oral hairy leukoplakia, lymphoma disorders, nasopharyngeal carcinoma
What is the diagnosis of EBV?
Presence of Paul-Bunnell heterophil antibodies
What is the classic prodrome of EBV?
Fatigue, malaise, and anorexia.
Where is the common site that HHV-5 virus will reside?
Will most likely reside in the salivary glands, endothelium, and lymphocytes.
CMV is common in what type of patient?
AIDS patients.
What are the three classifications of the Enterovirus?
Echovirus, Coxsackievirus, and Poliovirus.
What are the three Enteroviruses important to oral health care providers and what are they caused by?
Herpangina, Hand-Foot-and-Mouth disease, and acute lymphonodular pharyngitis. All three are caused by the Coxsackievirus.
What is the clinical presentation of Herpangina?
Skin rash and 2-6 oral lesions in the posterior mouth. (Note that it presents in similar fashion as acute lymphonodular pharyngitis)
What is the clinical manifestation of Hand-Foot-and-Mouth disease?
Oral lesions as well as lesions on the hands and feet associated with flu-like symptoms.
What causes the Rubeola virus and what is the common name?
Paramyxovirus and common name is measles.
Explain 9 day measles.
3 stages each lasting 3 days. Stage 1: (3 Cs) Coryza, Cough, Conjunctivitis and also the Koplik’s spots. Stage 2: Fever continues, Koplik’s spots fade, maculopapular and erythematous rash begins. Stage 3: Fever ends, rash fades and s replaced by brown pigmentary staining.
What is the common name for Rubella and what virus causes the infection?
German measles caused by togavirus.
What is the greatest importance with the Rubella infection?
capacity to induce birth defects.
What is the triad of Rubella?
Deafness, Heart disease, and cataracts.
How long does the Rubella virus typically last?
3 days.
Mumps is known as a disease of what?
Disease of exocrine glands, often the salivary glands.
What is a common occurrence with males infected with mumps?
Postpubertal males experience epididymorchitis.
What percent of women infected with mumps will experience first trimester abortion?
25%.
Where is the HIV/AIDS virus found?
Bodily fluids.
What is the target of HIV/AIDS?
CD4 helper T lymphocyte.
What are the oral manifestations strongly associated with HIV infection? (Hint, 5 of them)
Candidiasis, Hairy leukoplakia (bilateral- EBV), Kaposi’s sarcoma(HHV-8), Non-hodgkin’s lymphoma, and periodontal disease.
What is the course of treatment for HIV/AIDS patients presenting with candidiasis?
Topical clotrimazole.
What is Kaposi’s sarcoma?
A multifocal neoplasm of vascular endothelial origin caused by HHV-8.
What are the tissues most commonly affect by HHV-8?
Hard palate, gingiva, and tongue.
What are the three atypical patterns of periodontal disease associated with HIV/AIDS?
Linear gingival erythema, NUG, and NUP.
What is the risk of seroconversion after exposure to HIV?
Puercutaneous exposure is 0.3%, mucous membrane exposure is 0.09%, and non-intact skin exposure is lower than 0.09%.
