Chapter 14 Flashcards
What is the syndrome that experiences a defect in type I collagen maturation?
Osteogenesis imperfecta.
What is the most common type of inherited bone disease?
Osteogenesis imperfecta.
Describe the bone seen with osteogenesis imperfecta.
Thin cortex, fine trabeculation, diffuse osteoporosis.
What is the disease that is a skeletal disorder with a marked increase in bone denisty? (Two names)
Osteopetrosis or marble bone disease.
What cell fails to function properly in osteopetrosis?
Osteoclasts.
What is the likely Dx?
Osteopetrosis.
What is the likely Dx?
Osteopetrosis.
What is the syndrome complex characterized by dental and clavicle abnormalities?
Cleidocranial dysplasia.
What is the likely Dx?
Cleidocranial dysplasia.
Key is the numerous unerupted permanent and supernumerary teeth.
What is the term for an area of hematopoietic marrow that produces a radiolucency?
Focal Osteoporotic Marrow Defect.
What is the likely Dx?
Focal osteoporotic marrow defect.
What is the term for an area of increased radiodensity that is of unknown cause and cannot be attributed to anything else?
Idiopathic osteosclerosis.
What is the likely Dx?
Idiopathic osteosclerosis. NOTE he said this will be a CPC.
Couple of notes for Idiopathic osteosclerosis.
Do not confuse with condensing osteitis which is associated with an infection.
Do not confuse with focal cemento-osseous dysplasia which will have a radiolucent rim.
Do no confuse with cementoblastoma which will be fused with the tooth.
T/F: A radiolucent rim surrounds the finding in idiopathic osteosclerosis.
False.
What is the disease that is characterized by abnormal resorption and deposition of bone?
Paget’s disease of bone.
What is a common complaint of Paget’s disease?
Bone pain.
What bones are most commonly affected in Paget’s disease?
Vertebrae, pelvis, skull, femur.
Some one comes in with the complain that, “their hat will not fit.” What is the possible reasoning?
Paget’s disease leading to progressive increase in head circumference.
What disease is said to have a cotton wool or cotton roll appearance radiographically?
Paget’s disease.
What is the likely Dx?
Paget’s disease. cotton wool appearance and hypercementosis.
What will the serum levels consit of with someone that has Paget’s disease?
High elevations of serum alkaline phosphatase levels and normal calcium and phosphorus levels.
T/F Central giant cell granuloma is a non-neoplastic lesion.
True.
Where is central giant cell granuloma typically seen?
Anterior Jaw crossing the midline.
What is the likely Dx?
Central giant cell granuloma. note that it is crossing the midline.
What is the likely Dx?
Cherubism.
What is the term for a benign, empty or fluid filled cavity within bone?
Traumatic bone cyst/simple bone cyst NOTE that the cyst is a misnomer because it is not epithelial lined.
What is the likely Dx? HINT teeth respond normally.
Traumatic bone cyst.
What is the term for an intraosseous accumulation of blood-filled spaces surrounded by connective tissue?
Aneurysmal bone cyst.
Once again, not a true cyst.
What is the term for a diverse group of processes characterized by replacement of normal bone by fibrous tissue containing a mineralized product?
What are the exampls of them?
Fibro-osseous lesions.
Fibrous dysplasia, cemento-osseous dysplasia, ossifying fibroma.
What is the syndrome that will have a radiograph with the frosted glass look?
Fibrous dysplasia.
What is the likely Dx?
Fibrous dysplasia with the frosted glass look.
Specifically with monostotic form.
Fibrous dysplasia is a sporadic condition resulting from what?
Postzygotic mutation.
What are the types of fibrous dyspasia?
Monostotic and Polystotic
Polystotic broken into Jaffe-Lichtenstein and McCune-Albright syndromes.
What form of fibrous dysplasia accounts for 80% of the cases?
Monostotic.
Describe the two syndromes of polystotic fibrous dysplasia.
Jaffe-Lichtenstein syndrome: Cafe au lait spots
McCune-Albright syndrome: Cafe au lait spots and multiple endocrinopathies.
What is the most common fibro-osseous lesions encountered in clinical practice?
What are the types? Describe them.
Cemento-osseous dysplasia.
Focal: Exhibits a single sight of involvement and 90% occur in females. P_eriapical:_ Involves PA region of anterior mandible. Multiple foci are present. 90% female, 70% african american. Average age 40. F__orid: Multilpe focal involvement not limited to the anterior mandible. 90% female 90% African American. Tendency to be bilateral and symmetrical.
What is the likely Dx?
Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia.
What is the likely Dx?
Focal cemento-osseous dysplasia.
What is the likely Dx?
Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia.
What is the term for a true neoplasm with significant growth potential that will show a reverse tear drop radiographically?
Ossifying fibroma.
How is juvenile ossifying fibroma distinguished from ossifying fibroma?
Age of patient, most common site of involvement, and clinical behavior.
As a general rule, the younger the patient, the more aggressive the tumor.
What is the term for a symptom complex characterized by colonic polyps and adenocarcinoma?
Gardner syndrome.
The bowl polyps of gardner syndrome will transform into what?
Adenocarcinoma.
What are the dental abnormalities seen in gardners syndrome?
Supernumerary teeth.
How do you differentiate osteoblastomas from osteoid osteomas?
Osteiod osteomas produce prostiglandins and will therefore have pain relieved by aspirin and are smaller than 2 cm. Osteoblastomas are larger.
What is the term for an odontogenic neoplasm of cementoblasts?
Cementoblastoma.
What is the likely Dx?
Cementoblastoma. Note surrounded by a thin RL rim.
What is the term for a rare, benign, non-neoplastic development of cartilaginous nodules within the synovial membrane?
Synovial Chondromatosis.
What is the likely Dx?
Synovial chondromatosis.
What is the term for a mesenchymal malignancy where cells have the ability to produce osteoid or immature bone?
Osteosarcoma.
What is the disease which will present with the sunburst appearance?
Osteosarcoma.
What is the term for a triangular elevation in the periosteum?
Codman’s triangle.
What is the likely Dx?
Osteosarcoma. Sunburst pattern.
What is a primary malignant tumor of bone and the 3rd most common osseous neoplasm?
Ewing Sarcoma.
What is the most common form of cancer involving bone?
Metastatic carcinoma.
What are the most common origins of metastatic cancer metastisized to the jaw?
Breast, lung, thyroid, prostate, kidney.
What is the distinctive pattern of anesthesia associated with mets to the mandible in metastatic carcinoma?
Numb-chin syndrome due to the involvement of the IA.
What is life expectancy with patients Dx with metastatic cancer?
1 yr.
