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Oral Pathology > Chapter 17 > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the condition that results from excess bilirubin in the bloodstream that begins to accumulate in the tissues resulting in a yellowish discoloration?

A

Jaundice

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2
Q

What is the syndrome that is associated with impaired processing of bilirubin by the liver?

A

Gilbert syndrome

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3
Q

What are the areas more predominately associated with jaundice?

A

Sclera, lingual frenum, and soft palate.

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4
Q

What is the group of conditions characterized by deposition of extracellular, proteinaceous substance termed amyloid?

A

Amyloidosis.

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5
Q

What are the classifications of amyloidosis?

A

Organ limited, Systemic primary, Systemic secondary, Hemodialysis-associated, and Heredofamilial.

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6
Q

What are the features of organ limited amyloidosis?

A

Can occur in a variety of organs, but rarely seen in the oral cavity. No association with any systemic infection.

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7
Q

What are the features of primary systemic amyloidosis?

A

Same as myeloma associated, affects older adults, 20% due to multiple myeloma, develops into carpal tunnel syndrome, mucocutaneous lesions, hepatomegaly, and macroglossia. Skin lesions appear as smooth-surfaced, firm, waxy papules and plaques. Most commonly affected areas: eyelid, neck, and lips.

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8
Q

What are the features of systemic secondary amyloidosis?

A

Develops due to inflammation such as TB, sarcoidosis, or osteomyelitis.

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9
Q

What are the features of hemodialysis-associated amyloidosis?

A

Protein isn’t removed by dialysis, so it accumulates in plasma.

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10
Q

What are the features of heredofamilial amyloidosis?

A

AD inherited. Patients have polyneuropathies.

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11
Q

Details for Vitamin A:

A

AKA Retinol, used for vision.

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12
Q

Details for Vitamin B1:

A

AKA Thiamin. Maintain proper function of neurons. Leads to Beriberi.

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13
Q

Details for Vitamin B2:

A

AKA Riboflavin, Used for cellular oxidation, insufficiency leads to angular cheilitis and glossitis.

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14
Q

Details for Vitamin B3:

A

AKA Niacin, Insufficiency leads to Pellagra which is dermatitis, dementia, and diarrhea.

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15
Q

Details for Vitamin B6:

A

AKA Pyridoxine, participates in AA sythensis.

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16
Q

Details for Vitamin C:

A

AKA Ascorbic acid, Collegen synthesis, cause of scurvy

17
Q

Details for Vitamin D:

A

Considered a hormone, Leads to Rickets and Osteomalacia.

18
Q

Details for Vitamin E:

A

AKA Alpha-tocopherol, antioxidant.

19
Q

Details for Vitamin K:

A

Clotting agent with factors II, VII, IX, and X.

20
Q

What is the most common cause of anemia in the U.S. and the world?

A

Iron Deficiency Anemia

21
Q

What are the oral manifestations of iron deficiency anemia?

A

Angular cheilitis, atrophic glossitis.

22
Q

What are the manifestations of Plummer-vinson syndrome?

A

Iron-deficiency anemia, glossitis, dysphagia.

23
Q

What causes pernicious anemia and what is the oral manifestation?

A

Poor absorption of cobalamin(B12).

Atrophic glossitis.

24
Q

What is the difference between gigantism and acromegaly?

What are the different oral manifestations in each?

A

Gigantism is when the excessive groeth occurs prior to puberty and acromegaly is after puberty.

Gigantism will have macrodontia while acromegaly will have prognathism and macroglossia.

25
Q

What are the two forms of hypothyroidism covered in class and when do they present?

A

Cretinism: Infancy

Myxedema: Adulthood

26
Q

What are some of the oral manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus?

A

Periodontal disease, delayed healing, increased infections, zygomcosis (poorly controlled), parotid gland enlargement.

27
Q

What blood cell dysfunction is present in diabetes?

A

Neutrophils.

28
Q

What is the term for an inflammatory and immunologically mediated condition of unknown case?

A

Crohn’s disease.

29
Q

What are the GI signs of Crohn’s disease?

A

Abdominal cramping, diarrhea, pain, nausea, and fever.

30
Q

What are some of the oral lesions seen with crohns disease?

A

Diffuse nodular swellings, cobblestone appearance of oral mucosa, linear ulcerations of the buccal mucosa, pyostomatitis vegitans.

Oral Pathology (17 decks)

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