Chapter 7 Flashcards
The highest mountain in the world is ________
Mr. Everest
The term _______ is used to describe the balance of the weights of the rocky material, water, and ice in and on the earth’s crust against the upward push of the mantle.
isostasy
Elevation is the height of a mountain’s peak above ______
mean sea level
The mountain with the highest elevation in North America is __________
Mt. McKinley
Which of the following regions would you expect to have the greatest relief?
a region having mountains and valleys
On which continent will you find not only the world’s highest mountain but 96 of the 109 tallest peaks in the world?
Asia
Mountains can be…..
underwater, on continents, islands
The longest and most extensive mountain system on the earth is the ________
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Which process is believed to occur at mid-ocean ridges?
sea-floor spreading
What type of mountain is predominant in the Sierra Nevada range?
fault-block
Almost the entire state of Michigan is a _______ caused by _______
basin / subsidence
Buttes, pinnacles and fins are all thought to be erosional remnants of _________
plateaus
Which of the following does not belong with the other three?
- fault-block
- mesa
- monadnock
- butte
fault-block
What is thought to be involved in the formation of a monadnock?
rising magma and erosion
What are the primary causes of most depositional hills and mountains?
glacier, volcano, wind
What term applies to the formation of volcanoes?
depositional
The geological history of the origin of mountains is called __________
orogeny
The major difference between a mountain and a hill is the difference in their __________
heights and local/historical traditions
A (n) _________ is a trough-like fold of rock strata.
syncline
A (n) ________ is a large area of flat elevated land.
plateau
Mountain is to hill as mesa is to _________
butte
Kames and eskers are both made up of glacial _______
till
A certain mountain’s peak is 2300 m above sea level. Its base is 200 m below sea level. What is the actual height?
2500 m
What do closely spaces contour lines on a map indicate?
closely spaced contours indicate a steep slope
When is it likely that the erosion processes that formed buttes and mesas occurred?
buttes, mesas, and other erosional features probably formed as the waters from the Flood receded.
Changes in which two factors cause the extreme changes in biomes as you climb to the summit of a tall mountain such as Kilimanjaro?
The temperature and amount of precipitation (rainfall) decrease as you gain altitude.
arch of rock layers
anticline
trough of rock layers
syncline
sunken rock layers caused by emptied magma chamber
basin
extinct underwater volcano
seamount
flat-topped hill with steep sides
mesa
ridges deposited by glaciers
moraine
convergent landform
monocline
divergent landform
grabens
subsidence landform
basin
uplift landform
plateau
True or False:
Mt. Everest is growing taller year by year
True
True or False:
A series of mountain peaks in the same geographical area is called a mountain system
False
True or False:
Tectonic mountains can form not only a convergent zones but also at divergent zones
True
True or False:
Most rift valleys are beneath the sea but some are on land
True
True or False:
A pile of broken rocks that collects at the base of a cliff is called talus
True
True or False:
The formation of stone arches can be easily explained by the process of gradual erosion
False
List and describe at least three forces that move sediment to change the earth’s surface
Much of the earth’s surface is covered with sedimentary rock that was laid down by moving water. Glaciers, slowly moving masses of snow and ice, also carry sediment and other materials that they have ground from the surface over which they have moved. This till can be deposited elsewhere. Wind causes erosion and can create sculpt sand dunes. Volcanoes bring material from within the earth and deposit then on the surface.
Describe some of the unique geologic features of the western United States from a biblical perspective.
Many of the plateaus, the large relatively flat regions of sedimentary rock, were probably laid down rapidly by the Flood. Many of the erosional remnants of plateaus, such as buttes, mesas, pinnacles, fins, and arches, may have been created when water drained off the land and eroded away the softer material that had not yet hardened into rock.
