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Biology > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

A vineyard of seedless grapes would be what type of clone?

A

an artificial clone

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2
Q

A differentiated cell

a. cannot be cloned
b. is found only in plants
c. has become specialized to perform a particular function
d. cannot live outside the uterus

A

has become specialized to perform a particular function

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3
Q

Human brother-and-sister twins are an example of

a. natural clones
b. artificial clones
c. human clones
d. none of the above

A

None of the above

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4
Q

A restriction enzyme is an enzyme that

a. snips DNA at particular nucleotide sequences
b. stops DNA from forming proteins
c. joins together the sticky ends of DNA
d. forms insulin in bacteria

A

snips DNA at particular nucleotide sequences

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5
Q

Recombinant DNA is DNA that

a. has been formed in laboratory
b. has been formed by placing two pieces of DNA from different sources together
c. is made just prior to gamete formation in multicellular organisms
d. is made by both gene and chromosome mutations

A

has been formed by placing two pieces of DNA from different sources together

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6
Q

A plasmid is important because of its role as _____ in genetic engineering.

A

a vector

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7
Q

Which of these important body chemicals has been mass-produced with the help of genetic engineering?

a. adrenaline
b. insulin
c. myosin
d. glucose

A

insulin

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8
Q

It would be impossible to clone a dinosaur from any DNA found in fossils because

a. the epigenetic controls are missing
b. the cells would be totipotent
c. there is no vector large enough
d. we do no have the right restriction enzymes

A

the epigenetic controls are missing

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9
Q

Which Old Testament figure is portrayed in Scripture as using selective breeding methods to improve his livestock?

A

Jacob

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10
Q

Which of these is NOT a potential problem with current gene therapy?

a. it is of short duration
b. viral vectors may lead to infection
c. human embryos must be destroyed for gene therapy
d. some diseases are caused by multiple gene interaticonl

A

Human embryos must be destroyed for gene therapy

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11
Q

Just after fertilization, a single-celled zygote would be described as

a. pluripotent
b. multipotent
c. somatic
d. totipotent

A

totipotent

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12
Q 
A field of artificially cloned sweet potatoes would
a.  be asexually reproduced
b  contain plasmids
c.  be sexually reproduced
d.  be genetically engineered
A

be asexually reproduced

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13
Q

In which set are the terms in the order of decreasing ability to specialize?

a. pluripotent, multipotent, totipotent
b. totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent
c. multipotent, pluripotent, totipotent
d. totipotent, multipotent, pluripotent

A

B

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14
Q

Which of these crops is often a genetically modified form?

a. strawberries
b. corn
c. both a & b
d. neither a or b

A

corn

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15
Q

Which of these crops is often propagated by artifiical cloning?

a. bananas
b. Irish potatoes
c. both a & b
d. neither a or b

A

Both bananas and Irish potatoes

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16
Q

DNA fingerprinting has been used to

a. diagnose human genetic disorders
b. treat human genetic disorders
c. clone valuable livestock
d. all of these

A

diagnose human genetic disorders

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17
Q

Which of the following is NOT an example of cloning?

a. the miotic division of a unicellular organism
b. taking a leaf from one plant and causing it to grow into a new plant
c. somatic nuclear cell transfer
d. crossing two chickens to produce a better egg layer

A

crossing two chickens to produce a better egg layer

18
Q

Genesis 9:6, which states, “whoso sheddeth man’s blood, by man shall his blood be shed,” could be used to oppose the use of

a. embryonic stem cells
b. somatic stem cells
c. gene therapy
d. all of these

A

embryonic stem cells

19
Q

T/F

A clone is a group of organisms with an identical genetic makeup

A

True

20
Q

T/F

Genetic engineering can involve a single gene being taken from one genome and placed in another genome.

A

True

21
Q

T/F
The work of the Human Genome Project reveled that vast amounts of the human genome are junk DNA that is essentially useless

A

False

22
Q

T/F

Genetic engineering is the manipulation of chromosomes or genes by artificial means.

A

True

23
Q

T/F

In DNA fingerprinting, the entire genome of one individual is compared to that of another individual.

A

False

24
Q

T/F

The goal of therapeutic cloning is to provide babies for couples who desire one.

A

False

25
Q

T/F

some jelly fish and worms can clone themselves.

A

True

26
Q

T/F

Stem cells have been suggested as a possible future treatment for spinal cord injuries.

A

True

27
Q

T/F

The sheep is the only mammal that has been successfully cloned.

A

False

28
Q

T/F

One goal of gene therapy is to replace a malfunctioning gene with one that functions properly.

A

True

29
Q

What do we call an agent that is used to carry a new gene from one organism to another during genetic engineering?

A

a vector

30
Q

Which fabric made from a genetically modified crop is most likely to be in your wardrobe?

A

cotton

31
Q

In 2003, scientist announced that they had finished decoding each human gene. This work was called the _____.

A

Human Genome Project

32
Q

The use of living organisms to create products or to facilitate their production is_____.

A

biotechnology

33
Q

RFLP is used to crate a DNA

A

fingerprint

34
Q

The first successfully cloned mammal was a

A

sheep

35
Q

complete genetic record of a species

A

genome

36
Q

carries a new gene from one organism to another

A

vector

37
Q

small circular piece of bacterial DNA

A

plasmid

38
Q

radioactive segment of DNA

A

probe

39
Q

snips DNA at specific base sequences

A

restriction enzyme

40
Q

regions of DNA with the greatest concentration of differences

A

minisatellite

Biology (9 decks)

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