Chapter 7 Flashcards
A vineyard of seedless grapes would be what type of clone?
an artificial clone
A differentiated cell
a. cannot be cloned
b. is found only in plants
c. has become specialized to perform a particular function
d. cannot live outside the uterus
has become specialized to perform a particular function
Human brother-and-sister twins are an example of
a. natural clones
b. artificial clones
c. human clones
d. none of the above
None of the above
A restriction enzyme is an enzyme that
a. snips DNA at particular nucleotide sequences
b. stops DNA from forming proteins
c. joins together the sticky ends of DNA
d. forms insulin in bacteria
snips DNA at particular nucleotide sequences
Recombinant DNA is DNA that
a. has been formed in laboratory
b. has been formed by placing two pieces of DNA from different sources together
c. is made just prior to gamete formation in multicellular organisms
d. is made by both gene and chromosome mutations
has been formed by placing two pieces of DNA from different sources together
A plasmid is important because of its role as _____ in genetic engineering.
a vector
Which of these important body chemicals has been mass-produced with the help of genetic engineering?
a. adrenaline
b. insulin
c. myosin
d. glucose
insulin
It would be impossible to clone a dinosaur from any DNA found in fossils because
a. the epigenetic controls are missing
b. the cells would be totipotent
c. there is no vector large enough
d. we do no have the right restriction enzymes
the epigenetic controls are missing
Which Old Testament figure is portrayed in Scripture as using selective breeding methods to improve his livestock?
Jacob
Which of these is NOT a potential problem with current gene therapy?
a. it is of short duration
b. viral vectors may lead to infection
c. human embryos must be destroyed for gene therapy
d. some diseases are caused by multiple gene interaticonl
Human embryos must be destroyed for gene therapy
Just after fertilization, a single-celled zygote would be described as
a. pluripotent
b. multipotent
c. somatic
d. totipotent
totipotent
A field of artificially cloned sweet potatoes would a. be asexually reproduced b contain plasmids c. be sexually reproduced d. be genetically engineered
be asexually reproduced
In which set are the terms in the order of decreasing ability to specialize?
a. pluripotent, multipotent, totipotent
b. totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent
c. multipotent, pluripotent, totipotent
d. totipotent, multipotent, pluripotent
B
Which of these crops is often a genetically modified form?
a. strawberries
b. corn
c. both a & b
d. neither a or b
corn
Which of these crops is often propagated by artifiical cloning?
a. bananas
b. Irish potatoes
c. both a & b
d. neither a or b
Both bananas and Irish potatoes
DNA fingerprinting has been used to
a. diagnose human genetic disorders
b. treat human genetic disorders
c. clone valuable livestock
d. all of these
diagnose human genetic disorders
Which of the following is NOT an example of cloning?
a. the miotic division of a unicellular organism
b. taking a leaf from one plant and causing it to grow into a new plant
c. somatic nuclear cell transfer
d. crossing two chickens to produce a better egg layer
crossing two chickens to produce a better egg layer
Genesis 9:6, which states, “whoso sheddeth man’s blood, by man shall his blood be shed,” could be used to oppose the use of
a. embryonic stem cells
b. somatic stem cells
c. gene therapy
d. all of these
embryonic stem cells
T/F
A clone is a group of organisms with an identical genetic makeup
True
T/F
Genetic engineering can involve a single gene being taken from one genome and placed in another genome.
True
T/F
The work of the Human Genome Project reveled that vast amounts of the human genome are junk DNA that is essentially useless
False
T/F
Genetic engineering is the manipulation of chromosomes or genes by artificial means.
True
T/F
In DNA fingerprinting, the entire genome of one individual is compared to that of another individual.
False
T/F
The goal of therapeutic cloning is to provide babies for couples who desire one.
False
T/F
some jelly fish and worms can clone themselves.
True
T/F
Stem cells have been suggested as a possible future treatment for spinal cord injuries.
True
T/F
The sheep is the only mammal that has been successfully cloned.
False
T/F
One goal of gene therapy is to replace a malfunctioning gene with one that functions properly.
True
What do we call an agent that is used to carry a new gene from one organism to another during genetic engineering?
a vector
Which fabric made from a genetically modified crop is most likely to be in your wardrobe?
cotton
In 2003, scientist announced that they had finished decoding each human gene. This work was called the _____.
Human Genome Project
The use of living organisms to create products or to facilitate their production is_____.
biotechnology
RFLP is used to crate a DNA
fingerprint
The first successfully cloned mammal was a
sheep
complete genetic record of a species
genome
carries a new gene from one organism to another
vector
small circular piece of bacterial DNA
plasmid
radioactive segment of DNA
probe
snips DNA at specific base sequences
restriction enzyme
regions of DNA with the greatest concentration of differences
minisatellite
