Chapter 3 Flashcards
The diffusion of water into a cell by osmosis results in a build-up of
Turgor pressure
The transport of dissolved substances into cells to be used by the cells is
Absorption
Organisms made up of cells that can operate independently but that normally tend to group together are called
Colonial
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a prokaryotic cell?
Membrane-bound organelles
The cell theory states that cells are the basic units that make up all living things, cells come from preexisting cells, and
Cells are units that carry on the functions of all living things
Chloroplasts contain
Grana
All of the living material of a cell is called the
Protoplasm
The process by which large volumes of fluid enter a cell through pouches in the cell membrane is
Pinocytosis
Since diffusion is a purely physical process (it requires no cellular energy), it could be a form of
Passive transport
Several tissues grouped together and working as a unit form
An organ
The cytoplasm’s long tubular extensions that contain a set of microtubules and that are used in cellular movement are
Flagella
The control center of most cell activity is the
Nucleus
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of eukaryotic cell?
A nuclear area not enclosed in a membrane
A solution that has a greater concentration of water molecules than the cell it surrounds is
Hypotonic
The use of cellular energy to change the permeability of a membrane is called
Active transport
Contained in plant cell walls
Cellulose
The substance of a cell outside the nucleus
Cytoplasm
Folded plasma membrane inside the cell
Endoplasmic reticulum
Center (place) of protein synthesis
Ribosome
Involved in the processing of substances produced by the cell
Golgi apparatus
Contains protein-digesting enzymes
Lysosome
Stores starch
Lecuoplast
The engulfing process by which cells take in solids by forming vacuoles
Phagocytosis
Tiny passageways between plant cells
Plasmodesmata
Robert Hooke called the structures he observed “cells”, but what was he actually seeing?
Cell walls
How do we describe a solution in which the dissolved substances are in the same concentration as they are in the cell’s cytoplasm?
Isotonic
What do we call the bursting of blood cells in hypotonic solutions?
Cytolysis
Much of the process of cellular respiration occurs on the cristae of __________
Mitochondria
What kind of solution exists when the substances dissolved outside the cell are more abundant than those in the cytoplasm?
Hypertonic
The current model for explaining the structure of cell membranes is termed the ___________
Fluid mosaic model
T/F
Cytology is the study of cells
True
T/F
Some multicellular organisms have tissues that are grouped into organs which are arranged into systems
True
T/F
Bacteria do not have membrane-bound nuclei
True
T/F
In passive mediated transport, a substance is helped across a membrane against the concentration gradient.
False
T/F
Rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes attached to it, whereas smooth endoplasmic reticulum does not
True
T/F
The Golgi apparatus often process materials the cell is secreting
True
Cork “cells” we’re first identified by
Hooke
