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Biology > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

made of membranes that contain chlorophyll

A

Grana

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2
Q

requires carbon dioxide and RuBP

A

Light -independent phase

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3
Q

requires an input of glucose and ATP

A

Glycolysis

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4
Q

RNA segments that are cut out and not used in the formation of mRNA

A

Introns

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5
Q

place where the entire process of photosynthesis takes place

A

Chloroplast

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6
Q

RNA pieces put together to form mRNA

A

Eons

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7
Q

place where the light-independent phase of photosynthesis takes place

A

Stroma

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8
Q

alternate photosynthesis pathway

A

C4 pathway

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9
Q

Manufacture of an amino acid chain

A

Translation

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10
Q

What cannot be recycled?

A

Energy

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11
Q

An example of an autotrophic organism

A

Oak tree

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12
Q

DNA code is carried from the nucleus to the ribosomes by

A

Messenger RNA

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13
Q

The major products of photosynthesis are

A

Oxygen and glucose

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14
Q

RuBP is

A

A carbon dioxide acceptor

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15
Q

One example of a phosphorus-containing compound that stores energy is

A

ATP

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16
Q

A process that does not use oxygen is

A

Anaerobic

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17
Q

The man who discovered much of the information we know about photosynthesis

A

Calvin

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18
Q

nutritionally dependent organism is said to be

A

Heterotrophic

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19
Q

Cellular respiration refers to

A

The breaking down of food to release energy

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20
Q

The most important function of chlorophyll is to

A

Absorb light

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21
Q

light-independent phase of photosynthesis takes place

A

Either the presence or absence of light

22
Q

The molecule that delivers amino acids to the ribosomes is

A

Transfer RNA

23
Q

Which of the following is most directly involved in photosynthesis, being essentially assisted by the others?
chlorophyll a, carotene, chlorophyll b, xanthophyl

A

Chlorophyll a

24
Q

The phase of photosynthesis that splits water molecules is the

A

Light dependent phase

25
Q

When living things obtain energy for life processes from inorganic materials,they are performing

A

Chemosynthesis

26
Q

The breakdown of glucose by enzyme action in the absenceof oxygen is

A

Fermentation

27
Q

The nitrogen-containing base that is found only in RNA is

A

Uracil

28
Q

Each messenger RNA codon codes for

A

An amino acid

29
Q

destructive(energy-releasing)phase of metabolism

A

Catabolism

30
Q

What anticodon would line up with the codon UAC?

A

AUG

31
Q

In DNA, what base pairs with cytosine?

A

Guanine

32
Q

What do transfer RNA molecules transfer?

A

Amino acids

33
Q

What type of RNA has codons?

A

mRNA (messenger)

34
Q

What type of RNA has anticodons?

A

tRNA (transfer)

35
Q

What do stop codons code for?

A

The end of an amino acid chain

36
Q

T orF

Photosynthesis is the essential step between solar energy and life.

A

True

37
Q

T or F

The phosphate groups of ATP molecules are bound together by low energy covalent bonds

A

False

38
Q

T or F

Plants grown in increased light or in iron-rich soil lack chlorophyll and appear whitish or pale yellow.

A

False

39
Q

T or F
Digestion of food is an example of anabolic metabolism.

A

False

40
Q

T or F
Although both aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration release energy, anaerobic cellular respiration releases more energy per glucose molecule than aerobic cellular respiration.

A

False

41
Q

T or F

Many cells that normally carry on aerobic respiration can operate anaerobically when necessary.

A

True

42
Q

T or F

Building big muscles would be an example of catabolic metabolism.

A

False

43
Q

T or F

Cellular fermentation is the breakdown of food without O2.

A

True

44
Q

T or F

The RNA molecule that contains the code for a polypeptide chain of amino acids is called transfer RNA

A

False

45
Q

T or F

Proteins are used for growth and repair,never as energy sources.

A

False

46
Q

T or F

The mRNA leaves the nucleus with the DNA’s triplet code by passing through a pore in the nuclear envelope

A

True

47
Q

T or F

Some genes for mitochondria are found in DNA inside mitochondria.

A

True

48
Q

T or F

The rate of metabolism in plant cells is lower during the day.

A

False

49
Q

List several factors that may affect metabolic rates.

A
  1. Degree of activity
  2. Age
  3. Sleep
  4. Health
  5. Environment (light, water, vitamins, temperature)
50
Q

requires an inputof sunlight and H2O

A

Light-dependent phase

51
Q

What type of RNA has neither codons nor anticodons?

A

rRNA (ribosomal)

Biology (9 decks)

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