Chapter 7

Question 1

In genetics, a cross is

Answer 1

a test to see how traits are inherited

Question 2

An organism is __________ if both its factors for a particular trait are different

Answer 2

hybrid

Question 3

According to Mendel, how many factors are there for each inherited trait?

Answer 3

two

Question 4

After Mendel published his theories, they were

Answer 4

ignored for 35 years

Question 5

If a TT plant is crossed with a tt plant, what will the offspring be?

Answer 5

all Tt

Question 6

If a purebred brown hamster mates with a purebred white hamster and all the offspring in the first offspring generation are brown, what would be dominant and/or recessive for the brown and white traits?

Answer 6

brown is dominant, and white is recessive

Question 7

Suppose that in dogs long hair is dominant and short hair is recessive. If a hybrid long-haired dog mates with a purebred short-haired dog and twelve puppies are produced, one would expect

Answer 7

approximately half of the puppies would have long hair

Question 8

Suppose that in cats brown eyes are dominant and blue eyes are recessive. If a purebred brown-eyed cat mates with a purebred blue-eyed cat and one kitten is produced, one would expect the kitten to have

Answer 8

brown eyes

Question 9

A doctor takes an ultrasound by

Answer 9

analyzing high-frequency sound waves sent through the mother’s body

Question 10

The genes for sex-linked characteristics are usually carried on

Answer 10

the X chromosome

Question 11

The sum of chromosomes normally found in the cells of an organism

Answer 11

chromosome number

Question 12

A diagram used to visualize genetic crosses

Answer 12

Punnett square

Question 13

the condition in which dominant and recessive genes for a single characteristic are both expressed

Answer 13

codominance

Question 14

the only sex chromosome found in human females

Answer 14

X chromosome

Question 15

the sex chromosome found in human males but not females

Answer 15

Y chromosome

Question 16

two or more genes producing a single trait

Answer 16

multiple gene inheritance

Question 17

a picture generated by ultrasound

Answer 17

sonogram

Question 18

a characteristic that has a gene on the X chromosome but no corresponding gene on the Y chromosome

Answer 18

sex-linked trait

Question 19

a person who has a gene for a particular trait but does not exhibit the trait himself

Answer 19

carrier

Question 20

an abnormal trait passed on through genes

Answer 20

inherited disorder

Question 21

A(n) _____________ is an organism that has different factors for a particular trait.

Answer 21

hybrid

Question 22

What is the normal chromosome number for humans?

Answer 22

46

Question 23

A cross between snapdragons with red flowers and snapdragons with white flowers that produces snapdragons with pink flowers is an example of __________ dominance.

Answer 23

incomplete

Question 24

The way a plant or animal looks—-its physical characteristics—is called its

Answer 24

phenotype

Question 25

Red-green colorblindness is a ________________ trait.

Answer 25

sex-linked

Question 26

True or False

Mendel was a Catholic monk.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

True or False

Human genetic inheritance does not follow the same genetic rules as inheritance in other organisms

Answer 27

False

Question 28

True or False

The chromosome number of an organism is not related to its size.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

True or False

The chromosome number is the number of genes on a particular chromosome.

Answer 29

False

Question 30

True or False

Skin color, height, and intelligence are each believed to be controlled by single gene inheritance.

Answer 30

False