Chapter 7

Question 1

In genetics, a cross is

Answer 1

a test to see how traits are inherited

Question 2

An organism is __________ if both its factors for a particular trait are different

Answer 2

hybrid

Question 3

According to Mendel, how many factors are there for each inherited trait?

Answer 3

two

Question 4

After Mendel published his theories, they were

Answer 4

ignored for 35 years

Question 5

If a TT plant is crossed with a tt plant, what will the offspring be?

Answer 5

all Tt

Question 6

If a purebred brown hamster mates with a purebred white hamster and all the offspring in the first offspring generation are brown, what would be dominant and/or recessive for the brown and white traits?

Answer 6

brown is dominant, and white is recessive

Question 7

Suppose that in dogs long hair is dominant and short hair is recessive. If a hybrid long-haired dog mates with a purebred short-haired dog and twelve puppies are produced, one would expect

Answer 7

approximately half of the puppies would have long hair

Question 8

Suppose that in cats brown eyes are dominant and blue eyes are recessive. If a purebred brown-eyed cat mates with a purebred blue-eyed cat and one kitten is produced, one would expect the kitten to have

Answer 8

brown eyes

Question 9

A doctor takes an ultrasound by

Answer 9

analyzing high-frequency sound waves sent through the mother’s body

Question 10

The genes for sex-linked characteristics are usually carried on

Answer 10

the X chromosome

Question 11

The sum of chromosomes normally found in the cells of an organism

Answer 11

chromosome number

Question 12

A diagram used to visualize genetic crosses

Answer 12

Punnett square

Question 13

the condition in which dominant and recessive genes for a single characteristic are both expressed

Answer 13

codominance

Question 14

the only sex chromosome found in human females

Answer 14

X chromosome

Question 15

the sex chromosome found in human males but not females

Answer 15

Y chromosome

Question 16

two or more genes producing a single trait

Answer 16

multiple gene inheritance

Question 17

a picture generated by ultrasound

Answer 17

sonogram

Question 18

a characteristic that has a gene on the X chromosome but no corresponding gene on the Y chromosome

Answer 18

sex-linked trait

Question 19

a person who has a gene for a particular trait but does not exhibit the trait himself

Answer 19

carrier

Question 20

an abnormal trait passed on through genes

Answer 20

inherited disorder

Question 21

A(n) _____________ is an organism that has different factors for a particular trait.

Answer 21

hybrid

Question 22

What is the normal chromosome number for humans?

Answer 22

46

Question 23

A cross between snapdragons with red flowers and snapdragons with white flowers that produces snapdragons with pink flowers is an example of __________ dominance.

Answer 23

incomplete

Question 24

The way a plant or animal looks—-its physical characteristics—is called its

Answer 24

phenotype

Question 25

Red-green colorblindness is a ________________ trait.

Answer 25

sex-linked

Question 26

True or False | Mendel was a Catholic monk.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

True or False | Human genetic inheritance does not follow the same genetic rules as inheritance in other organisms

Answer 27

False

Question 28

True or False | The chromosome number of an organism is not related to its size.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

True or False | The chromosome number is the number of genes on a particular chromosome.

Answer 29

False

Question 30

True or False | Skin color, height, and intelligence are each believed to be controlled by single gene inheritance.

Answer 30

False