Chapter 7 Flashcards
In genetics, a cross is
a test to see how traits are inherited
An organism is __________ if both its factors for a particular trait are different
hybrid
According to Mendel, how many factors are there for each inherited trait?
two
After Mendel published his theories, they were
ignored for 35 years
If a TT plant is crossed with a tt plant, what will the offspring be?
all Tt
If a purebred brown hamster mates with a purebred white hamster and all the offspring in the first offspring generation are brown, what would be dominant and/or recessive for the brown and white traits?
brown is dominant, and white is recessive
Suppose that in dogs long hair is dominant and short hair is recessive. If a hybrid long-haired dog mates with a purebred short-haired dog and twelve puppies are produced, one would expect
approximately half of the puppies would have long hair
Suppose that in cats brown eyes are dominant and blue eyes are recessive. If a purebred brown-eyed cat mates with a purebred blue-eyed cat and one kitten is produced, one would expect the kitten to have
brown eyes
A doctor takes an ultrasound by
analyzing high-frequency sound waves sent through the mother’s body
The genes for sex-linked characteristics are usually carried on
the X chromosome
The sum of chromosomes normally found in the cells of an organism
chromosome number
A diagram used to visualize genetic crosses
Punnett square
the condition in which dominant and recessive genes for a single characteristic are both expressed
codominance
the only sex chromosome found in human females
X chromosome
the sex chromosome found in human males but not females
Y chromosome
two or more genes producing a single trait
multiple gene inheritance
a picture generated by ultrasound
sonogram
a characteristic that has a gene on the X chromosome but no corresponding gene on the Y chromosome
sex-linked trait
a person who has a gene for a particular trait but does not exhibit the trait himself
carrier
an abnormal trait passed on through genes
inherited disorder
A(n) _____________ is an organism that has different factors for a particular trait.
hybrid
What is the normal chromosome number for humans?
46
A cross between snapdragons with red flowers and snapdragons with white flowers that produces snapdragons with pink flowers is an example of __________ dominance.
incomplete
The way a plant or animal looks—-its physical characteristics—is called its
phenotype
Red-green colorblindness is a ________________ trait.
sex-linked
True or False
Mendel was a Catholic monk.
True
True or False
Human genetic inheritance does not follow the same genetic rules as inheritance in other organisms
False
True or False
The chromosome number of an organism is not related to its size.
True
True or False
The chromosome number is the number of genes on a particular chromosome.
False
True or False
Skin color, height, and intelligence are each believed to be controlled by single gene inheritance.
False
