Chapter 10 Flashcards
Used generally, the term evolution refers to
The changing of a thing to become improved or more complex
The argument that building your muscles will not cause your children to have big muscles could be used to refute
Lamarck
According to De Vries, the organism capable of the most evolution
mutates easily
Of all the gene mutations man has observed in organisms, the vast majority are
harmful
True or False:
In Darwin’s theory of natural selection he made the point that the embryos of many organisms appear to be similar
False
Where can you find a complete and uninterrupted fossil record?
nowhere
The gradual change of one kind of organism into another
biological evolution
Changes in an organism’s genetic makeup account for evolutionary changes
evolution-mutation theory
Cutting off the tails of many generations of mice disproved this theory
inheritance of acquired characteristics
A genetic change that can be passed down to offspring
germ mutation
A genetic change that cannot affect offspring
somatic mutation
The ship Darwin sailed on
HMS Beagle
The idea that the environment destroys organisms that are less able than others to live in the environment
theory of natural selection
a theory that is also known as Neo-Darwinism
mutation-selection theory
an organism that evolutionists claim has different groups of organisms as its offspring
common ancestor
an organism that probably never existed but is needed to fill out the evolutionary path of other organisms
missing link
a record of past living things
fossil record
an extinct bird
Archaeopteryx
The theory that organisms change to a darker color because human activity causes their surroundings to become darker
industrial melanism
islands where Darwin observed animals
Galapagos
a diagram demonstrating the supposed stages of biological evolution
evolutionary family tree
similar structures that evolutionists say are best explained by common ancestry
homologous structures
the modern animal that supposedly descended from Pakicetus and Ambulocetus
whale
Name two animals Darwin observed
finches and tortoises
Did the island tortoises that Darwin observed change to another kind of organism?
No
True or False:
Natural selection is often described as being very much like selective breeding
True
True or False:
Natural selection works only for characteristics already in existence
True
True or False:
Through biological evolution, the Padaung people of Burma have grown some very long necks.
False
True or False:
The term survival of the fittest is most closely associated with the theories of De Vries
False
True or False:
Using special equipment and controlled conditions, some scientists have created living cells from nonliving materials
False
