Chapter 6

Question 1

Before a cell divides, it makes a copy of its genes during

Answer 1

interphase

Question 2

The two stages of cell division are

Answer 2

mitosis and cytokinesis

Question 3

When all the genes of a chromosome have duplicated but are still attached, the structures that are formed are called

Answer 3

sister chromatids

Question 4

In mitosis the chromosomes are lined up at the center of the spindle during

Answer 4

metaphase

Question 5

Asexual reproduction is reproduction by

Answer 5

mitotic cell division

Question 6

A cell surrounded by a protective covering is a

Answer 6

spore

Question 7

by what process does sexual reproduction copy genetic information?

Answer 7

meiosis

Question 8

The new cell that forms from the union of two gametes is called

Answer 8

a zygote

Question 9

A cell or an organism that has two of each kind of its chromosomes is

Answer 9

diploid

Question 10

Three examples of nucleotides are

Answer 10

phosphate, sugar, base

Question 11

The four bases in a DNA molecule are

Answer 11

adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine

Question 12

Genes are sections of

Answer 12

DNA

Question 13

Which of following never contains the code for the sequence of amino acids needed to manufacture a protein?
mRNA
tRNA
DNA
chromosome

Answer 13

tRNA

Question 14

What carries the genetic code from the DNA to the ribosomes?

Answer 14

messenger RNA

Question 15

True or False

Cytokinesis is the division of a cell’s cytoplasm and organelles.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

True or False
During cell division it is important that each new cell get exactly the same amount of cytoplasm and the same number of organelles

Answer 16

False

Question 17

True or False

The cells of human skin may go through mitotic cell division several times a day

Answer 17

True

Question 18

True or False

Regeneration takes place through the process of cell division

Answer 18

True

Question 19

True or False

An organism can reproduce sexually or asexually but not both

Answer 19

False

Question 20

True or False

Watson and Crick worked out a model of DNA

Answer 20

True

Question 21

True or False

In the DNA molecule, adenine always pairs with thymine.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

True or False

RNA is a double-sided chain that looks something like a twisted ladder.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

True or False

In the RNA molecule, uracil always pairs with cytosine

Answer 23

False

Question 24

True or False

Protein synthesis occurs at ribosomes

Answer 24

True

Question 25

List the four phases of mitosis in the order in which they occur

Answer 25

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Question 26

What do oncologists research?

Answer 26

cancer

Question 27

How many cells are present at the end of meiosis?

Answer 27

four

Question 28

Be able to label images of the following phases of mitosis (anaphase, prophase and telophase)

Answer 28

see page 81

Question 29

Be able to label the spindle and the chromatids in images of mitosis

Answer 29

see page 81

Question 30

A group of three nucleotides

Answer 30

codon

Question 31

the basic unit of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate, and a base

Answer 31

nucleotide

Question 32

the process of forming two DNA molecules from one

Answer 32

replication

Question 33

the process of forming mRNA from DNA

Answer 33

transcription

Question 34

the process of putting amino acids together in a specific sequence

Answer 34

protein synthesis