Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Before a cell divides, it makes a copy of its genes during

A

interphase

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2
Q

The two stages of cell division are

A

mitosis and cytokinesis

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3
Q

When all the genes of a chromosome have duplicated but are still attached, the structures that are formed are called

A

sister chromatids

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4
Q

In mitosis the chromosomes are lined up at the center of the spindle during

A

metaphase

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5
Q

Asexual reproduction is reproduction by

A

mitotic cell division

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6
Q

A cell surrounded by a protective covering is a

A

spore

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7
Q

by what process does sexual reproduction copy genetic information?

A

meiosis

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8
Q

The new cell that forms from the union of two gametes is called

A

a zygote

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9
Q

A cell or an organism that has two of each kind of its chromosomes is

A

diploid

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10
Q

Three examples of nucleotides are

A

phosphate, sugar, base

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11
Q

The four bases in a DNA molecule are

A

adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine

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12
Q

Genes are sections of

A

DNA

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13
Q
Which of following never contains the code for the sequence of amino acids needed to manufacture a protein?
mRNA
tRNA
DNA
chromosome
A

tRNA

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14
Q

What carries the genetic code from the DNA to the ribosomes?

A

messenger RNA

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15
Q

True or False

Cytokinesis is the division of a cell’s cytoplasm and organelles.

A

True

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16
Q

True or False
During cell division it is important that each new cell get exactly the same amount of cytoplasm and the same number of organelles

17
Q

True or False

The cells of human skin may go through mitotic cell division several times a day

18
Q

True or False

Regeneration takes place through the process of cell division

19
Q

True or False

An organism can reproduce sexually or asexually but not both

20
Q

True or False

Watson and Crick worked out a model of DNA

21
Q

True or False

In the DNA molecule, adenine always pairs with thymine.

22
Q

True or False

RNA is a double-sided chain that looks something like a twisted ladder.

23
Q

True or False

In the RNA molecule, uracil always pairs with cytosine

24
Q

True or False

Protein synthesis occurs at ribosomes

25
List the four phases of mitosis in the order in which they occur
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
26
What do oncologists research?
cancer
27
How many cells are present at the end of meiosis?
four
28
Be able to label images of the following phases of mitosis (anaphase, prophase and telophase)
see page 81
29
Be able to label the spindle and the chromatids in images of mitosis
see page 81
30
A group of three nucleotides
codon
31
the basic unit of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate, and a base
nucleotide
32
the process of forming two DNA molecules from one
replication
33
the process of forming mRNA from DNA
transcription
34
the process of putting amino acids together in a specific sequence
protein synthesis