Chapter 7

Question 1

Double standard

Answer 1

two different standards of sexual behaviour, one for women and one for men
Males have a greater desire and need for sexual activity than females do
It is the women’s job to be a sexual gatekeeper - He cannot control his sex drive she has a weaker sex drive and thus can set limits

Question 2

4 Phases of Sexual Response (Masters and Johnson)

Answer 2

1. Excitement phase
   - vasocongestion begins to occur causing lubrication and swelling of the clitoris glands for women and erect penis for men
   - nipples harden for both sexes
2. Plateau
   - Women: uterus elevates, vagina expands, orgasmic platform (swelling that causes the vagina opening to narrow), clitoris retracts, labia color deepens
   - Men: testes swell and further elevate, penis is fully erect, colour of tip of penis deepens, prostate enlarges, scrotum thickens, cowper’s gland secretion
3. Orgasm
   - contractions of the pelvic organs
4. Resolution
   - vasocongestion and myotonia are reversed
   - body returns to pre excitement state

Question 3

Vasocongestion and myotonia

Answer 3

Physiological processes involved in the sexual response phases

• vasocongestion = the accumulation of blood in the blood vessels of a particular region
• myotonia = muscle contraction

Question 4

The myth of the vaginal orgasm

Answer 4

misconception arising from Freudian theory that women can experience a clitoral stimulation orgasm or a better vagina stimulation orgasm
Masters and Johnsons show that there is no physiological difference between orgasms during ntercourse and orgasms during masturbation/oral sex

Question 5

Sex differences in arousal

Answer 5

Women may be less category specific than men in their arousal to sexual stimuli - women can be aroused by sexual stimuli even if those stimuli do not match their sexual orientation whereas men tend to be aroused by the category of person to whom they are attracted to

Question 6

Life span

Answer 6

sexual satisfaction increases for women from young to mid adulthood and are more likely to orgasm
the adult man expands his sexual focus from just genital pleasure to include sensual and emotional aspects

Question 7

Heterosexual, Homosexual, and Bisexual

Answer 7

Hetero - prefers opposite-sex partners
Homo - prefers same-sex partners
Bi - attracted to partners of either sex

Question 8

Issues in understanding sexual orientation/identity

Answer 8

Definition - researchers do not agree on how to categorize individuals in terms of sexual orientation
Social constructionist or Essentialist framework - is sexual orientation a built-in aspect of an individual (essentialist) or is it formed according to what culture encourages one to interpret their feelings (social construct)
Gender differences - Women experience more fluidity in their sexual identities

Question 9

intimate career

Answer 9

the sequence and patterns of a person’s intimate relationships across the lifespan; the multiple paths that might lead a women to identify as bi or les

Question 10

Refractory period

Answer 10

lasts from a few minutes to 24 hours during which time they cannot be restimulated to erection and orgasm
experienced by men not women, allowing women to have multiple orgasms