Chapter 7 Flashcards
‘Murican Advantages in Revolution
1 fighting in own land 2 widespread resistance 3 local government support 4 British underestimated them 5 France was allied with them
British Advantages in Revolution
1 well equipped 2 disciplined 3 powerful navy 4 Loyalist Americans 5 experienced officers 6 organized central government 7 canada/native support 8 access to money
Loyalists Population
1 dependent on British govt. for job
2 conservative
3 members of ethnic minorities
4 recent migrants
Patriots to Loyalists
1 deprived them of their rights
2 public torture
3 state treason acts
Lexington and Concord
- 1st shots fired
- creation of Continental Army
Bunker Hill
- showed that Americans won’t be easy to defeat
- point of no return from war
Battle of Trenton
- moral booster for Americans
- snuck up on Hessians by Delaware River, lost almost none and won
Battle of Saratoga
- 1777
- 1st major British defeat
- showed French that the war by Americans is worth fighting for
- gained French support
Treaty of Alliance of 1778 Terms
1 French would provide actual arms and assistance and a NAVY
2 No separate peace could be signed without others’ consent
3 French get more Caribbean sugar islands, US recognizes French Caribbean conquest
Valley Forge
-NOT A BATTLE
- 1/6th of Army dies or deserts
-Baron Von Steuben- from Prussia, trained the Army to:
1 load a musket
2 fire your weapon
3 be able to stand, guts, discipline
Battle of Yorktown
- French and Americans besieged the British
- Cornwallis forced to surrender
- ended the conflict, British want peace now
- France wasn’t ready to stop war
Financing the War
1 state govts. borrowed from wealthy people and foreign bankers 2 states created new monetary system 3 Congress borrowed heavily from France and Holland 4 Congress printed lots of money
Treaty of Paris
-Franklin, Jay, Adams
Terms:
1 independence from British
2 boundaries set for US
3 America allowed in Grand Banks
4 no confiscation of torie property, and give the taken property back
5 Americans pay debts, for credit
6 British Army pull out of America
-not done, because the Americans didn't do 4Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union
Powers lacked:
- no ability to tax
- inability to regulate trade w/ tariffs
- needed all 13 states to ratify
Problems in the West
- British still in forts in the Northwest Territory
- violence breaking out between Indians and west weening colonists
- Spain didn’t sign Treaty of Paris and closed all their ports
Land Ordinances (LO)
1784- population reached certain #, apply for statehood, 9 states made of the Northwest Territory
1785- grid system, 36mi townships, divided into 1mi plots, 16th square is for a school
Northwest Ordinance of 1787-
-Northwest Territory slave free
-South didn’t want slavery to expand, they would lose their economic advantage
-then they want to expand to have a 50/50 vote in Senate
-territory with over 5000 could apply for statehood- coequal states, permanent stability when moving Westward
Central Government Powers
- conduct foreign affairs
- finances
- mediator between states
- maintenance of armed forces
- postal system
- weights and measures
Central Government NOT Powers
- not able to tax citizens directly
- inability to regulate trade
Robert Morris
-handled war finances, established Bank of North America after war
“not worth a continental”
expressed the extreme devaluing of the American currency because of the large amount of money printed to finance the war
Roles of Women in the War
- seamstresses, wives, nurses, prostitutes, spies, cooks, launderers
- bury the dead
