Chapter 17 Flashcards
Reconstruction
- Tennessee, arkansas, and Louisiana started reconstruction earlier
- Tennessee was under Lincoln’s 10% plan
- ark and Louisiana were under multiple restrictions
- 14th Amendment- no state could deprive anyone of civilian rights
- 10% plan- 10% of voters had to be sworn loyal to the US
Wade-Davis Bill
- passed when Atlanta, GA falls and Lincoln alive
- national, not regional base for republicans
- wanted harsher punishment for confederates
- Johnson and Lincoln both said that the South never seceded, it was just rebellion
Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
- required all the Southern states to ratify the 13th Amendment and free the slaves
- excluded white plantation owners, they caused war, disenfranchised
- he was racist, didn’t like blacks but said they should be free, he had sympathy for the South though
Freedman’s Bureau
Oliver o. Howard
-provided education and job training for blacks
Black Codes
Was to maintain cheap labor force in the South, if you were homeless and a certain distance away from a city, you could be arrested and put to work
Civil Rights Act of 1866
Declared that blacks were citizens and free, not fair for whites because they had to wait 5 years OHkay!
Carpet Baggers
wanted personal gain, achieved through developing material resources and Yankee institutions
-Unions troops who stayed int he South after the war
Scalawags
Southern whites (small farmers, well-off merchants and planters who supported the Republicans during reconstruction -wanted modernization and economic explosion
Politics of Reconstruction
-“waving the bloody shirt”- who caused the war? DEMOCRATS, GO REPUBS
-Democrats strong in urban, republican in rural
white troop veterans not voting, freed black are now
Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
Command of the Army Act (1867)- military stuff and activites had to go through Sec. of War, who was a repub (Stanton), unconst’l
-Tenure of Office Act- just to protect Stanton, Johnson was saved by Ross and his vote not to impeach
Election of 1868
1870- !5th Amendment- gave blacks right to vote in national elections
- Fredrick Douglass- “This hour belongs to the negro.”
- Grant (big war hero) won
Union League of America
Republicans who tried to persuade black in the South to vote for them, beginning of KKK
KKK
- means “Circle of Friends”
- reaction to “carpetbagger tyrannies”
- went after carpetbaggers, scalawags, and potential black voters
Force Acts
Declared KKK, White Camellia and Pale Faces illegal\
-the “Mississippi Red Shirts and Rifle Clubs were the KKK undercover
Transition to Freedom
- sharecropping- rent land, share of the crop goes to owner
- crop lein- Banks “help” blacks get their stuff to market, they make like 0 profit
- slaughterhouse cases- states define citizen issues, undermines 14th and 15th Amendments
- Civil Rights Cases- individuals can discriminate, don’t have to serve blacks
- Plessy v Furgeson- “seperate but equal”
Post War Foreign Policy Isssssssues
- Seward sends 40k troops to kill Maximillian in Mexico
- Seward said that Britain caused the war to be long because they gave ships to the Confederacy to break the blockade (Alabama Claims)
- Treaty of Washington- British give US 15.5 million to say sorry
- “Seward’s Folly”- buy Alaska for 7.5 million, we find gold, oil, and diamonds
Reconstitution in the North (RITN)
- Chinese did the hard work in the West
- Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)- they were undesirable like criminals, immigrants and the insane
RITN: The Big Four
CP Huntington, Leland Stanford, Mark Hopkins, Charles Crocker - they owned most of the railroads
- Grant was supposed to hammer in the last gold spike, Stanford was drunk and did it instead LULZ
RITN: Big Jim Hill’s Great Northern Railroad
didn’t go bankrupt in the panic of 1893
RITN: Morganization
Buying of railroads by JP Morgan to make them better
RITN: Thomas Nast
Made fun of Tammany Hall with political cartoons, Boss Tweed offered 500k for him to stahp, but Nast just made a cartoon about that
Gold Corner Scandal
Jay Gould and Jim Fisk buy up all the gold, told Grant to not put anymore gold in market, they then dumped all the gold into the market and made BANK and crashed the gold market
Credit Mobilier Scandal
A fake construction company that gave stock bribes to Congressmen to keep quiet. The Secretary of Treasury was fired for asking too many questions
Salary Grab Scandal
During the Panic of 1873, raised the salary of all congressmen and the president, Grant stupidly signed it ans it made them look bad when it hit the press
Panic of 1873
There were 3 American fires, they were all insured by Cooke and Cooke went bankrupt because of too many insurance giving outing
Belknap Scandal
Bleknap started selling government positions to people who wanted to watch over Indian Reservations, they could take the money that was supposed to be for the indians
Whiskey Ring Scandal
Sin tax was put on alcohol and drugs, McDonald manufactured extra and sold them at a cheaper price and pocketed the money
Greenly
Population voted for him, he died during the running for president, and the electors decided to vote for a deadman
Election of 1876
Samuel Tilden (Prosecutor of Boss Tweed)
Rutherford B. Hayes (1st to say no alcohol in the White House
Needed to Win: 185
Disputed 20
Tilden 184
Hayes 165
-We will have 7 repubs, and 7 democrats, and 1 disputed, the disputed drops out and Hayes gets the extra vote to win, was a scandal
1876: Redeemers
Didn’t let blacks do anything, the elections showed that Republicans were giving up on blacks
