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Abnormal Psych > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the characteristics of Bipolar I?

A
  • Occurrence of a manic episode
  • Hypomanic or major depressive episodes may precede or follow the manic episode
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2
Q

Hypomania

A

Mild form of mania that lasts for a few days

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3
Q

What are the characteristics of Bipolar II?

A
  • Presence or history of major depressive episode(s)
  • Presence or history of hypomanic episodes(s)
  • No history of a manic episode
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4
Q

Major Depressive Disorder

A

Severe pattern of depression that is debilitating and not due to other causes

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5
Q

In order for someone to be diagnosed with a major depressive disorder, Person displays an increased in depressed mood for the majority of each day and/or decrease in enjoyment or interests across most activities for the majority of the day for how long?

A

2 weeks

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6
Q

For someone to be diagnosed with a major depressive disorder, person also experiences 3-4 of the following symptoms…

A
  • Considerable weight change or appetite change
  • Daily insomnia or hypersomnia
  • Daily agitation or decrease in motor activity
  • Daily fatigue or lethargy
  • Daily feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt
  • Daily reduction in concentration or decisiveness
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7
Q

Dysthymic Disorder

A

Chronic pattern of depression with mild symptoms

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8
Q

What is dysthymic disorder also referred to as?

A

Persistent depressive disorder

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9
Q

How long must someone have symptoms in order to be diagnosed with dysthymic disorder?

A

Lasts at least 2 years

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10
Q

True or False: Symptoms not absent for than 2 months at a time in

A

True

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11
Q

True or False: there can be a history of mania for someone diagnosed with dysthymic disorder?

A

False: there’s no history of mania or hypomania

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12
Q

Mania

A

State of euphoria or frenzied activity

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13
Q

What are the motivational symptoms of mania?

A

Need for constant excitement, involvement, companionship

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14
Q

What are the behavioral symptoms of mania?

A
  • Active
  • Move quickly
  • Talk loudly and quickly
  • Flamboyant
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15
Q

What are the cognitive symptoms of mania?

A
  • Poor judgment/planning
  • Trouble staying coherent/in reality
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16
Q

What are the physical symptoms of mania?

A
  • Lot of energy
  • Lack of need for rest/sleep
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17
Q

What percentage of U.S. adults suffer from severe unipolar depression in any given year?

18
Q

______ of all adults experience unipolar depression at some point in their lives

19
Q

What is the average onset for someone to develop depression?

20
Q

How many people with depression recover?

21
Q

According to the biological model of depression, biochemical factors associated with depression are low activity of what two neurotransmitters?

A
  • Serotonin
  • Norepinephrine
22
Q

True or False: there’s an increased risk of depression with 1st generation relatives who are diagnosed with depression

23
Q

In twin studies, identical twins have an increased risk of depression by _________

24
Q

In twin studies, fraternal twins have an increased of depression by ___________

25
How do psychodynamic theorists, such as Freud and Abraham, believe depression is caused by?
When some people experience real or imagined/symbolic loss and regresses back to the oral stage
26
How do object-relation theorists think depression is caused by?
Depression results when people’s relationships leave them feeling unsafe and insecure (especially in early life)
27
How do cognitive-behavioral theorists view depression?
Depression results from problematic and dysfunctional thinking
28
What are the characteristics of the behavioral dimension of the cognitive-behavioral view on depression?
- Number of life rewards related to presence or absence of depression - Large reduction in positive life rewards may cause increasingly fewer positive positive behaviors and eventually depression - Social rewards are important in downward depression spiral
29
Learned Helplessness
Depression occurs when people believe they have no control over life’s reinforcements and assume responsibility for this helpless state
30
Attribution-Helplessness Theory
internal (global and stable) attribution of present lack of control feel helpless to prevent future negative outcomes and depression
31
What is the attribution-helplessness theory also referred to as?
Modified learned helplessness theory
31
Family-social perspective believes that depression is the result of...
A decline in social rewards
32
True or False: according to the family-social perspective, depression is tied to weak or unavailable social support, isolation, and lack of intimacy
True
33
What are family-social treatments for depression?
- Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) - Couples Therapy
34
What are characteristics of interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)?
- Interpersonal loss - Interpersonal role dispute - Interpersonal role transition - Interpersonal deficits
35
True or False: multicultural theorists believe that depression is the same regardless of country
False: precise picture of depression varies from country to country
36
Artifact Theory
Women and men are equally prone to depression, but clinicians are unable to diagnose in men
37
Hormone Explanation
Hormone changes in women trigger depression
38
Life Stress Theory
Women experience more stress than men
39
Body Dissatisfaction Explanation
Females in Western society to seek a low body weight and slim figure, and when they are unable to do so they become stress
40
Lack-of-Control Theory
Women may be more to depression than men because they feel a lack of control in life
41
Rumination Theory
Women are more likely to ruminate when their mood worsens; makes them more vulnerable to depression

Abnormal Psych (12 decks)

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