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SOC 100 > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What is laissez-faire economics

A

the idea that governments shouldn’t interfere in the free-market

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2
Q

What did Adam Smith think about laser-faire economics

A

he believed that it was good and would raise the standards of living for everyone, and that there will always be poor people

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3
Q

What did Thomas Malthus predict

A

He predicted that dramatic population growth would lead to food shortages and other resources.

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4
Q

Did Karl Marx believe poverty was inevitable like Adam Smith

A

no he didn’t, he was prepared to make a change

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5
Q

Who was Marx’s co-author

A

Friedrich Engels

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6
Q

What is “class”

A

your status in the means of production

worker, owner, etc

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7
Q

What is “means of production”

A

the resources needed to produce goods (wealth, money, etc)

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8
Q

What is capital

A

money used to buy something and then selling it again for profit

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9
Q

what are Capitalists

A

owners of the means of production

Also referred to the “bourgeoise”

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10
Q

What are the two possible relationships to the means of production (Marx)

A

Either you owned them or worked for those who did

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11
Q

What are Aristocrats and peasants

A

Aristocrats are the owners and peasants worked for them

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12
Q

What is “labour flexibility”

A

Corporate and Political strategies that included downsizing and outsourcing

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13
Q

What is Downsizing

A

laying off workers

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14
Q

What us Outsourcing

A

recruiting labourers abroad to work

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15
Q

Who were the Lumpenproletariats

A

small-time criminals, beggars, and the unemployed

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16
Q

What was the Factory Act and why did mill owners not like it

A

The factory act limited the amount of hours an employee could work (5:30-8:30) , which the mill owners did not like because it would ruin them financially

17
Q

What is corporate identity

A

The belief that there is a shared sense of purpose among members of each class

18
Q

What us the difference between class consciousness and false consciousness

A

Class consciousness is having awareness of what’s best for members of a class, false consciousness is thinking you know what’s best but you actually being wrong

19
Q

Did Max Weber agree with Marx’ theories

A

No he thought they were to simple and that there was more to social inequality than just owning businesses (included looks, material possessions, fame, etc)

20
Q

What were Max Webers 3 elements that contribute to social inequality

A

Wealth, prestige, and power

21
Q

What does the “gig economy” mean

A

it describes a person who gets by with a minimum wage job and has other commitments like music, or school

22
Q

What is the dominant capitalist class

A

those who control or own large-scale production (CEO’s0

23
Q

What is the middle class

A

Mixed category of small-scale business people (in between dominant and working class)

24
Q

What is the working class

A

people who lack resources and have the lowest income (service workers)

25
Q

What are Mobility Sports

A

a sport that’s cheap to play and offers people of all classes to play and make it big

26
Q

What is a stratum

A

a group to which people belong depending on their level of income or education

27
Q

What is a quantile

A

a segment/stratum representing each of the 5 groups into which a population income is divided:

  • highest
  • upper middle
  • middle
  • lower. middle
  • lowest
28
Q

What is the difference between mean and median

A

the mean is the “average” and the median is the middle number

29
Q

Whats the trickle-down-theory

A

the belief that if the wealthy are given the freedom to generate more wealth, others in society will benefit

30
Q

What is neoliberalism

A

views the individual as an independent player on the sociological scene.

30
Q

What is neoliberalism

A

views the individual as an independent player on the sociological scene.

31
Q

What is the American dream

A

The belief that anyone can make it if they try hard enough and it is their own fault if they don’t succeed

32
Q

what did William Ryan mean by “blaming the victim”

A

blaming individuals for not making the America dream without considering events or circumstances such as upbringing or lack of resources

33
Q

What is a counter Ideology

A

an ideology that criticizes the dominant ideology

34
Q

Who was Antonio Gramsci

A

An Italian critic of dominant ideology and used the word hegemony

35
Q

what does Hegemony mean

A

leadership or dominance of one group over another

or methods of maintaining power

SOC 100 (15 decks)

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