chapter 13

Question 1

How is sociology and medicine related?

Answer 1

medical practices and beliefs are social. race, gender, ethnicity, and age (social factors) all affect a persons experience in the medical field

Question 2

what is policy sociology

Answer 2

using sociological research and data to produce social change especially through government or corporate policy

Question 3

what is critical sociology

Answer 3

sociology that challenges sociological theories and research that sociologists do

Question 4

who coined the term “sick role”

Answer 4

Talcott parsons

Question 5

what is the meaning of “sick role”

Answer 5

a set of expectations that surround a sick person, allows them to be deviant

Question 6

what are the 4 expectations of the sick role

Answer 6

1. the person should have exemption from normal social responsibilities
2. they shouldn’t have to take care of themselves they should be taken care of
3. they are obligated to ty to get better rather than staying ill
4. they are obligated to ask for professional help

Question 7

What did Earl Koos discover in his studies about health

Answer 7

that people of higher classes were able to afford playing the sick role, and that the lower classes weren’t able to as much

Question 8

what two ideas did Ivan Emke propose about Canadians and the sick role

Answer 8

1. instead of looking at social/environmental causes of peoples sickness, we blame individual choices
2. patients are assumed to be abusing the system (taking advantage of the sick role)

Question 9

what was a medical breakthrough in the 19th century

Answer 9

the realization that every disease has a natural course it goes through and is affected by social factors such as age, sex, class, background, and culture

Question 10

what is proof that ethnicity can effect the social course of disease

Answer 10

the spread of tuberculosis among the Inuit due too their weather (cold/arctic) and intimate closeness of families living in igloos.
54 among 10,000 died

Question 11

what is biomedicine

Answer 11

the use of western science in the diagnosis and treatment of illness and disease

using physical tests and applying physical medicines and therapies

Question 12

what is alternative medicine

Answer 12

treatments that fall outside biomedicine (example-reccomendkng yoga to reduce headaches instead of prescribing medicine)

Question 13

what is a reductionist perspective

Answer 13

a perspective that connects medical conditions to single factors and single remedies rather than taking a broader set of circumstances into account

Question 14

what does a “absolutist” not recognize

Answer 14

not recognizing that there are cultures of medicine and that every patient should be treated in the context of their culture

Question 15

what is medicalization

Answer 15

when certain behaviours/conditions are defined as medical problems rather than a moral or legal problem

Question 16

which disorder is often medicalized and why

Answer 16

PTSD because it is seen as a personal issue rather than causes by the environment and events

Question 17

who introduced the notion of medicalization to sociology and what other term did he coin

Answer 17

Ivan Illich

iatrogenesis

Question 18

what is iatrogenesis

Answer 18

health problems that are caused by health professionals

Question 19

Clinical iatrogenesis

Answer 19

when diagnosis and cure actually cause problems worse then the diagnosis from before

(being sick and going to the hospital only to catch another disease from just being there)

Question 20

social iatrogenisis

Answer 20

ignoring political conditions that are unhealthy (ex.workplace conditions)

Question 21

cultural iatrogenesis

Answer 21

patients are given no credit for their role in recovery and that its all from the doctors work

Question 22

what is the Big Pharma

Answer 22

the worlds large pharmaceutical companies

Question 23

how does “medicalization” view deaf people

Answer 23

as people who are disabled and lack something. less human than others

Question 24

how do deaf people view themselves

Answer 24

they view themselves as part of a cultural group with their own language and traditions and history. They don’t consider themselves disabled

Question 25

what issues do immigrant doctors face

Answer 25

skilled doctors come to Canada for better financial opportunities, yet they have to re assess their skills and re learn everything to qualify for the “Canadian” system.
But by the time you finish all that, you still need to pay bills and fed ur family, which is why they fall back into being an uber driver, labour work, telemarketing, etc.

Question 26

what issues do rural communities face when it comes to medical accessibility

Answer 26

in rural communities they lack doctors, the older ones retire and the young ones go to the city
it is also too time consuming to travel to the city if the issue is minor

Question 27

what issues do International countries face when it comes to medical accessibility

Answer 27

it is expensive to educate medical professionals, and they lose them to emigration (they usually go to the US or Canada) which causes a brain drain

Question 28

why do doctors often threaten to abandon us during times of need to gain power

Answer 28

because they know no one can replace them. Even with all the immigrant doctors ready to take their place and gain opportunities, doctors are well aware of the struggles immigrants would have to go through to get there