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PPL Course - (2) RPL > Chapter 6.5 - Loading & Balance > Flashcards

Chapter 6.5 - Loading & Balance Flashcards

1
Q

Loading and Balance limitations are used to identify what (2)?

A
  • Centre of Gravity (CG) doesn’t not exceed its limit.

- Maximum Allowable Weight.

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2
Q

What does AEW/EW stand for?

A
  • Aircraft Empty Weight.

- Empty Weight.

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3
Q

Define AEW/EW?

A

The weight of an Aircraft excluding all removable equipment.

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4
Q

Define Arm/Movement Arm?

A

The horizontal distance in millimetres from the CG datum to the CG of an item being loaded.

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5
Q

What does BEW stand for?

A

Basic Empty Weight.

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6
Q

Define BEW?

A

Empty Weight plus optional equipment.

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7
Q

What is meant as ‘optional equipment’ for BEW?

A

Total Engine Oil Weight.

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8
Q

True or False. A Cessna 172 does not include full Engine Oil in their Empty Weight?

A

True.

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9
Q

What does CG stand for?

A

Centre of Gravity.

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10
Q

Define CG?

A

A point where the Aircraft would be balance if suspended at that point.

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11
Q

The Centre of Gravity Datum is also known as what?

A

Loading Reference Point.

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12
Q

Define Centre of Gravity Limits?

A

The most forward and rearward (aft) locations from the Centre of Gravity.

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13
Q

What does Aft mean?

A

Rearwards.

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14
Q

Define Floor Loading Limits?

A

The maximum load a Cabin/Compartment can be loaded.

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15
Q

What does IU stand for?

A

Index Unit.

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16
Q

What two units are used in IU?

A
  • kg – mm.

- lb – in.

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17
Q

Define Maximum Baggage Compartment Load and where can this be found (2)?

A
  • The Maximum Weight that can be carried in the baggage compartment.
  • Can be found in the Flight Manual.
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18
Q

What does SG stand for?

A

Specific Gravity.

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19
Q

Define SG?

A

The ratio of mass for volume of Fuel/Oil to the same volume of Water.

20
Q

What is the SG for AVGAS?

A

0.71.

21
Q

Passengers and Baggage must be weighed for an Aircraft with less than how many seats?

A

7.

22
Q

True or False. Location of compartments can affect the Total Weight and Centre of Gravity?

A

True.

23
Q

If the CG is moved forward of the forward CG limit, the Aircraft will become difficult to control in which speed?

A

Low Speeds.

24
Q

Which part of flight will be difficult to control the Aircraft, if the CG is moved forward of the forward CG limit?

A

Landing.

25
Q

If the CG is moved aft of the aft CG limit, what tendency will happen to the Tail/Nose and the Aircraft’s flight condition (3)?

A
  • Tail goes down.
  • Nose goes up.
  • Aircraft becomes unstable and uncontrollable.
26
Q

What does CWM and ACWM stand for (2)?

A
  • Clockwise Moments.

- Anticlockwise Moments

27
Q

Clockwise Moments must equal what?

A

Anticlockwise Moments.

28
Q

How do you calculate CWM?

A

Sum of Weight(s), multiplied by the distance from Datum.

29
Q

How do you calculate ACWM (without knowing CG point)?

A

Total Weight multiply by X.

30
Q

What is X in ACWM?

A

Centre of Gravity Position (which is unknown yet).

31
Q

High Loads go with what Arm?

A

Short Arm.

32
Q

Low Loads go with what Arm?

A

Long Arm.

33
Q

Where can you find the Centre of Gravity Datum?

A

Flight Manual.

34
Q

What is the ‘Loaded Gross Weight’ of an Aircraft (4)?

A
  • Empty Weight.
  • Fuel Load.
  • Pilot.
  • Other Loads.
35
Q

Define ‘Other Loads’ in the ‘Loaded Gross Weight’ of an Aircraft (2)?

A
  • Passengers.

- Baggage/Cargo.

36
Q

Which ‘Loaded Gross Weight’ are fixed (2)?

A
  • Empty Weight.

- Pilot.

37
Q

Which ‘Loaded Gross Weight’ are variables (3)?

A
  • Fuel Load.
  • Passengers.
  • Baggage/Cargo.
38
Q

What three separate possibilities have to be taken into account when finding/using the ‘Loaded Gross Weight’ of an Aircraft?

A
  • All known Loads are crossed-checked with Maximum Takeoff Weight.
  • Maximum Load available for Passengers/Baggage.
  • Maximum Load available for Fuel.
39
Q

Where can a Loading Graph be found?

A

Pilot’s Operating Handbook/Flight Manual.

40
Q

Name the two axis of a Loading Graph?

A
  • Load Weight (kg and lb).

- Load Moment/1000 (kg – mm / lb – in).

41
Q

Name the five ‘Load Reference Lines’ found in a Loading Graph?

A
  • Pilot and Front Passenger.
  • Fuel.
  • Rear Passengers.
  • Baggage Area 1/Passenger on Child’s Seat.
  • Baggage Area 2.
42
Q

Name two types of ‘Centre of Gravity Envelope’ graphs?

A
  • Weight vs Loaded Moment.

- Weight vs CG Position.

43
Q

What calculations are used for the Centre of Gravity Envelope graphs (2)?

A
  • Loaded Gross Weight.

- Loaded Moment.

44
Q

When Loading a light Aircraft, a Pilot must check for a particular flight and given loads are what (2)?

A
  • Limiting Weight is not exceeded.

- Centre of Gravity is within the Envelope.

45
Q

When Loading a light Aircraft, a Pilot must determine for a particular flight what three aspects that can be carried?

A
  • Maximum Fuel Load.
  • Maximum Baggage Load.
  • Maximum Passenger Load.
46
Q

How do you find out the Moment (IU) of a particular weight?

A

Cross reference using the Loading Graph.

47
Q

When carrying multiple passengers who should sit in the front row?

A

The heaviest.

PPL Course - (2) RPL (18 decks)

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