Chapter 5.1 - The Engine & How is Works

Question 1

What does a typical Powerplant consist of in a light training aircraft (2)?

Answer 1

• Combustion Engine.

- Fixed-pitch Propeller.

Question 2

How many cylinders does a Piston Engine have?

Answer 2

4.

Question 3

The correct amount of Fuel is metered into the air through what?

Answer 3

Carburettor.

Question 4

What does an Inlet Valve do?

Answer 4

Opens to let the Fuel-Air mixture into the cylinder.

Question 5

What does an Exhaust Valve do?

Answer 5

Opens to let the waste gases out of the cylinder.

Question 6

Define Crankcase?

Answer 6

The base of which other parts of the engine are mounted.

Question 7

Define Crankshaft?

Answer 7

A mechanical part that transmit the reciprocating power to rotary motion for an engine.

Question 8

Define Connecting Rods?

Answer 8

Connects the Piston to the Crankshaft to perform the transition between reciprocating power to rotary motion.

Question 9

Define Camshaft?

Answer 9

A mechanical part used to operate the poppet valves (Inlet and Exhaust).

Question 10

Define Spark Plugs?

Answer 10

A mechanical part to provide a spark to the fuel-air mixture in a cylinder.

Question 11

Define Piston?

Answer 11

Transmit a force due to combustion in a cylinder.

Question 12

Define Piston Rings?

Answer 12

When fitted provides an elastic gas-tight seal between each piston and it’s cylinder to prevent any leakage of gases.

Question 13

Define Induction Manifold?

Answer 13

Distributes the Fuel-Air mixture from the Fuel Control Unit to each cylinder.

Question 14

Define Fuel Control Unit?

Answer 14

Controls the amount of Air and Fuel entering the Engine (AKA Carburettor).

Question 15

Define Engine Mounting?

Answer 15

An area to attach the engine to the aircraft and is designed to absorb engine vibration.

Question 16

Define Accessory Case?

Answer 16

Driven by the Crankshaft to drive Magnetos, Alternator/Generator, Fuel Pump, Tachometer Sensor and other ‘accessories’.

Question 17

Define Magnetos?

Answer 17

A duplicate pair of high-voltage generators which produces a spark for each cylinder of an engine.

Question 18

Define Alternator/Generator?

Answer 18

Provides electrical power for electrical instruments, systems and radios in an aircraft.

Question 19

Define Oil Pump?

Answer 19

Provides Oil under pressure to lubricate and help cool the engine.

Question 20

Define Vacuum Pump?

Answer 20

Provides low pressure air to drive gyroscopic instruments.

Question 21

Define Fuel Pump?

Answer 21

To pump fuel from low-wing tanks to the Fuel Control Unit.

Question 22

Define Tachometer Sensor?

Answer 22

Provides power for the Tachometer instrument.

Question 23

Define Starter Motor?

Answer 23

An electrical motor to assist with Engine Start.

Question 24

Define BDC?

Answer 24

Bottom Dead Centre is where the piston is at a point closest to the Crankshaft.

Question 25

Define TDC?

Answer 25

Top Dead Centre is where the piston is at a point furthest from the Crankshaft.

Question 26

What are the 4 strokes-cycle of a Cylinder?

Answer 26

• Induction.
• Compression.
• Power.
• Exhaust.