Chapter 5.4 - Engine Emergencies Flashcards
Name five common causes of rough running in an Engine?
- Uneven Mixture Distribution.
- Carburettor Icing.
- Detonation.
- Fuel Contamination.
- Backfiring.
Uneven Mixture Distribution can be caused by what (4)?
- Loose Induction Manifold.
- Carburettor Icing.
- Carburettor Malfunction.
- Engine too cold.
How does a Pilot treat Carburettor Icing?
By apply Carburettor Heat.
A sudden Engine roughness or misfiring is usually evidence of a malfunction what?
Magneto.
How can a Pilot identify which Magneto is malfunctioning?
Switch BOTH to either L or R on the Ignition Switch.
Once the malfunction Magneto has been identified, what cause of action should a Pilot take (2)?
- Reduce Power.
- Enrich Mixture Control.
What can cause Engine roughness followed by a sudden loss of power?
Fuel Contamination.
How can a Pilot check for Fuel Contamination during Flight?
By switching between Fuel Tanks to see if roughness has stopped.
Backfiring usually occurs because of (3)?
- Over-Lean Mixture.
- Pre-Ignition.
- Late timing of the Spark.
What cause of action should a Pilot take when Backfiring occurs (2)?
- Determine if a richer mixture produces smoother Engine operation.
- If not, land at the nearest Aerodrome.
Afterfiring usually occurs because of (2)?
- Over-Rich Mixture.
- No Ignition.
What evidence can a Pilot tell if the Engine is Afterfiring (2)?
- Bright Orange Flame.
- Lots of Black Smoke.
If Carburettor Icing is suspected and the Engine is still rough after the application of Carburettor Heat, what action should a Pilot take (3)?
- Smoothness of the Fuel Mixture Control.
- Magneto Malfunction Check.
- Fuel Contamination Check.
As well as Engine roughness, what four factors can also lead to Engine Failure?
- Fuel Starvation.
- Fuel Exhaustion.
- Loss of Oil Pressure and High Oil Temperature.
- Failure of the Propeller.
What is Fuel Starvation?
The flow of the Fuel from Tank to Engine is affected.
True or False. With Fuel Starvation an Aircraft doesn’t have any Fuel remaining?
False. A Fuel Tank can still be full when Fuel Starvation occurs.
Name six common causes of Fuel Starvation?
- Blocked Fuel Tank Vents.
- Incorrect Tank Selection.
- Selecting Fuel to OFF.
- Water Contamination.
- Blockage in Supplying Fuel.
- Misuse of Mixture Control.
What is Fuel Exhaustion?
When there is no Fuel left in the Fuel Tanks.
True or False. With Fuel Exhaustion an Aircraft doesn’t have any Fuel remaining?
True.
Name four common causes of Fuel Exhaustion?
- Miscalculating Fuel Requirements.
- Failure to Check Fuel Tanks before Flight/after Refuelling.
- High Fuel Consumption Rate.
- Fuel Gauge Malfunction.
Name two causes of inadequate Lubrication?
- Low Oil Pressure.
- High Oil Temperature.
Fluctuating Oil Pressure is an indication that the Oil quantity is what?
Very Low.
True or False. Complete loss of Oil Pressure and a rapidly rising Oil Temperature indicates Engine Failure is imminent?
True.
True or False. A Pilot should check the Propeller Blade for any damages before flight?
True.
Preflight Check: Name 3 items to check before flying on Fuel?
- Sufficient amount of Fuel for Flight.
- Test for Fuel Contamination and correct grading.
- Check Fuel Tank Vent for any blockage.
Preflight Check: Name 3 items to check before flying on Oil?
- Sufficient amount of Oil before Flight.
- Check Oil is of correct type and grade.
- Check Oil Pressure registers within 30 seconds of starting.
Preflight Check: Why should a Pilot check the Propeller?
For any damages.
Preflight Check: How should the Carburettor Heat Control be used prior to Takeoff (2)?
- Turn ON to remove any build-up of Ice.
- Turn OFF before Takeoff.
Preflight Check: What position should the Mixture Control be set as?
FULL RICH.
Preflight Check: Why should a Pilot check each Magneto?
To see if the Spark Plugs are working normally.
Inflight: Why should a Pilot monitor the Tachometer?
For any signs of power loss.
Inflight: If the Tachometer is showing a gradual loss of power, what should a Pilot suspect and what course of action should be taken (2)?
- Carburettor Icing.
- Turn the Carburettor Heat Control to FULL/ON.
Inflight: If the Tachometer is showing a complete loss of power, what should a Pilot suspect and what course of action should be taken (2)?
- Fuel problems.
- Switch Tanks/Check Fuel Controls.
Inflight: If the Engine comes to a sudden stop, what should a Pilot suspect and what course of action should be taken (2)?
- Suspect Mechanical problems.
- Prepare for Forced Landing.
Inflight: Why should a Pilot take care with the Mixture Control?
To not accidentally select the wrong settings during Flight.
Inflight: Why should a Pilot monitor the Oil Gauges (2)?
- To ensure adequate Lubrication of the Engine.
- To check for Engine Overheating.
Inflight: Why should a Pilot cross reference between the Oil Pressure and Temperature gauge, especially if the instrument reads Rising Temperature and Low Pressure?
This combination is a warning of imminent Engine Failure.
Inflight: Why should a Pilot listen to the Engine?
To monitor any rough running.
Event of Engine Failure: When should a Pilot attempt an Engine Restart?
Only if time is permitted.
Event of Engine Failure: What’s the first thing a Pilot should do when flying the Aircraft?
Maintain recommended Glide Speed.
Event of Engine Failure: After switching between Fuel Tanks, how many seconds until the empty Fuel lines are filled?
10 seconds.
Event of Engine Failure: Why should a Pilot check Engine Gauges?
For an indication of why Power has been lost.
Event of Engine Failure: Which position should the Mixture Control be set as?
Full RICH.
Event of Engine Failure: Which position should the Carburettor Heat Control be set as?
ON.
Event of Engine Failure: If the propeller has stopped, what position should the Ignition be set as?
START.
Event of Engine Failure: If Power is restored what control should be switched OFF (1/2)?
- Carburettor Heat Control.
- Electric Boost Pump (if fitted).
Event of Engine Failure: If Power is not restored what should a Pilot prepare for?
A forced Landing with Power.
Event of Engine Failure: How can a Pilot test the Magnetos during flight?
Turn switch to L then to R then back to BOTH.
Event of Engine Failure: What should a Pilot do if operating on one Magneto?
Reduce Power.
True or False. Fuel Pressure indication will be normal if complete power loss is due to water in the Fuel?
True.
Name three element of an Engine Fire?
- Fuel.
- Oxygen.
- Heat.
Event of Engine Fire: How can a Pilot remove the Fuel being fed to the Engine (2)?
- Turn OFF fuel from Shut-Off Valve.
- Selecting Mixture Control as IDLE CUT-OFF.
Event of Engine Fire: How can a Pilot remove the oxygen being fed to the Engine?
By closing the Throttle.
Event of Engine Fire: How can a Pilot remove the heat being fed to the Engine?
By turning off the Master Switch to remove electrical heat.
Event of Engine Fire: Should a Pilot attempt to restart the Engine?
No.
