chapter 63 vidlec part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

A broad classification that includes any injury to the head as a result of trauma

A

head injury

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2
Q

Most common cause of TBIs is

A

falls

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3
Q

Groups at highest risk for TBI include

A

0-4 y/o
15-19 y/o
65 above y/o

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4
Q

what is the best approach for head injury

A

prevention

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5
Q

consequence of direct contact to head/brain during the instant of initial injury

A

primary injury

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6
Q

what type of injury: contusions, lacerations, external hematomas, skull fractures, subdural hematomas, concussion, diffuse axonal

A

primary injury

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7
Q

what type of injury: damage evolves over ensuing days and hours after the initial injury

A

secondary injury

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8
Q

what type of injury: caused by cerebral edema, ischemia, ог chemical changes associated with the trauma

A

secondary injury

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9
Q

a bruising of the brain surface

A

contusion

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10
Q

a temporary loss of neurologic function with no apparent structural damage to the brain

A

concussion

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11
Q

a transient period of unconsciousness following A VIOLENT BLOW TO THE HEAD

A

concussion

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12
Q

involves localized bleeding and swelling in the brain tissue, which can lead to more severe complications

A

contusion

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13
Q

tend to bleed heavily and portals of infection

A

scalp wounds

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14
Q

ecchymosis behind the ear

A

battle signs

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15
Q

halo sign-ring of fluid around the blood stain from drainage

A

csf leak

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16
Q

also called as raccoon eyes or black eye

A

periorbital hematoma

17
Q

acceleration/deceleration injury occurs when the head accelerates and then rapidly decelerates, damaging brain tissue

A

closed TBI

18
Q

blunt trauma

A

closed TBI

19
Q

object PENETRATES the brain or trauma is so severe that the scalp and skull are opened

A

OPEN TBI

20
Q

more severe injury with possible surface hemorrhage

A

CONTUSION

21
Q

a temporary loss of consciousness with no apparent structural damage

A

concussion

22
Q

widespread axon damage in the brain seen with head trauma

A

diffuse axonal injury

23
Q

TYPES OF INTRACRANIAL BLEEDING

A

epidural
subdural
intracerebral

24
Q

blood collection in the space between the skull and the dura

A

epidural

25
Q

collection of blood between the dura and the brain

A

subdural

26
Q

symptoms develop over 24 to 48 hours

A

acute

27
Q

symptoms develop over 48 hours to 2 weeks

A

subacute

28
Q

develops over weeks to months

A

chronic

29
Q

what is the treatment for chronic subdural hematoma

A

evacuation of blood

30
Q

hemorrhage occurs into the substance of the brain

A

intracerebral hemorrhage and hematoma

31
Q

there is a bleeding from nose, pharynx, or ears

A

skull fracture

32
Q

car accidents and violent shake is what type of injury

A

diffuse axonal injury

33
Q

acute/subacute/chronic:
requires immediate craniotomy and control of icp

A

acute/subacute

34
Q

acute/subacute/chronic:
evacuation of blood clot

A

chronic