chapter 60 part 1

Question 1

Nervous system consists of two major parts:

Answer 1

central nervous system
peripheral nervous system

Question 2

Central Nervous System is composed of:

Answer 2

brain
spinal cord

Question 3

Peripheral Nervous System is composed of:

Answer 3

cranial nerve
spinal nerve
autonomic nervous system

Question 4

this includes the brain and spinal cord

Answer 4

central nervous system

Question 5

this includes the cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and autonomic nervous system

Answer 5

peripheral nervous system

Question 6

this system control motor, sensory, autonomic, cognitive, and behavioral activities.

Answer 6

nervous system

Question 7

basic functional unit of the brain

Answer 7

neuron

Question 8

neuron is composed of:

Answer 8

dendrite
axon
cell body

Question 9

part of neuron:
branch type structures for receiving electrochemical messages

Answer 9

dendrites

Question 10

a long projection that carries electrical impulses away from the cell body

Answer 10

axon

Question 11

a fatty, protective covering surrounds nerve cells THAT ‘‘increases speed of conduction’’

surrounds the axon

Answer 11

myelin sheath

Question 12

cluster of cell bodies with the same function

Answer 12

center

Question 13

communicate messages from one neuron to another or from a neuron to a target cell

Answer 13

neurotransmitter

Question 14

develops from decreased availability of dopamine

Answer 14

Parkinson’s disease

Question 15

acetylcholine binding to muscle cells is impaired

Answer 15

Myasthenia Gravis

Question 16

can detect dopamine, serotonin, and acetylcholine

Answer 16

positron emission tomography / PET

Question 17

the brain accounts for approximately ___ of the total-body

Answer 17

2%

Question 17

average weight of brain of a young adult

Answer 17

1400 g

Question 18

average weight of brain of a older adult

Answer 18

1200 g

Question 19

the brain is divided into three major areas:

Answer 19

cerebrum
brainstem
cerebellum

Question 20

composed of two hemispheres, thalamus, hypothalamus, and basal ganglia

Answer 20

cerebrum

Question 21

includes the midbrain, pons, and medulla

Answer 21

brainstem

Question 22

located under the cerebrum and behind the brain stem

Answer 22

cerebellum

Question 23

a WRINKLED appearance that is the result of many folded layers or convolutions

Answer 23

gyri

Question 24

found between each gyrus; serves as an anatomic division

Answer 24

sulcus/fissure

Question 25

separates the cerebrum into the right and left hemispheres

Answer 25

longitudinal fissures

Question 26

two hemispheres are joined at the lower portion of the fissure

Answer 26

corpus callosum

Question 27

external or OUTER PORTION of the hemispheres

Answer 27

cerebral cortex

Question 28

this part of the brain is made up of gray matter

Answer 28

cerebral cortex

Question 29

the innermost layer of the brain and is composed of myelinated nerve fibers and neuroglia cells

Answer 29

white matter

Question 30

how many cells does the brain contain?

Answer 30

100 billion cells

Question 31

neurons are supported, protected, and nourished by this cell; 50 times greater than neuron

Answer 31

glial cells