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PHYSIOLOGY - 1st Year 1st Sem Comprehensive Exam > Chapter 60 and 15 - Exercise Physiology and Sports Science & Sensory transduction (2019) Evals by Keim > Flashcards

Chapter 60 and 15 - Exercise Physiology and Sports Science & Sensory transduction (2019) Evals by Keim Flashcards

1
Q

Concave lens can correct it:

A

Myopia

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2
Q

Convex lens can correct it:

A

Hyperopia

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3
Q

Near objects focus behind the retina:

A

Hyperopia

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4
Q

What will happen if light shines at photoreceptors:

A

1-Na+ channels close

2-Membrane potential decreases

3-cGMP levels drop

4-11-cis retinal is converted to trans retinal

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5
Q

What part of photoreceptors is the transduction site:

A

Outer segment

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6
Q

Which of the following statements is not true:

A

The sum of the focal power of optics of relaxed eye is 24D.

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7
Q

True or False: Receptive field at the periphery is much large than in the fovea.

A

True

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8
Q

Retinal neurons that generates the sole output of the retina:

A

Ganglion cells

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9
Q

Which of the following is true about glaucoma?

A

Pressure damages ganglion cells at the optic disc

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10
Q

Which of the following is not true about tears:

A

Bathe the lens to keep it moist

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11
Q

A ray of light entering the eye will pass through these transparent elements in order:

A

Tears - Cornea - Aqueous humor - Lens - Vitreous humor

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12
Q

The light must be focused to generate a clear image in the retina which is accomplished by :

A

Lens and cornea

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13
Q

Major component of the vertebrate eye that gathers and focus light and forms an image:

A

Optical part

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14
Q

Which is true of Golgi tendon organ?

A

Gauge muscle force

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15
Q

Distant objects focus in front of the retina:

A

Myopia

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16
Q

Receptors in the skin the provides sensitivity to specific stimuli (vibration and steady pressure):

A

Mechanoreceptors

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17
Q

Somatic sensation is usually considered to be a combination of the following:

A

Sense of touch
Temperature
Proprioception
Nociception

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18
Q

Property of C fibers:

A

Have slowest conduction velocity of any fiber

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19
Q

Sensory receptor potentials are:

A

Graded in sized depending on stimulus

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20
Q

A ballet dancer spins to the left. During the spin, her eyes snapped quickly to the left. This fast eye movement in relation to head movement is called:

A

Nystagmus

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21
Q

In vestibular transduction, what produces depolarization or hyperpolarization of afferent vestibular nerve?

A

Bending of stereocilia away or toward kinocilium

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22
Q

In vestibular transduction, the function of the semicircular canal is to detect:

A

Angular acceleration of the head

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23
Q

True or False: Cnetral unilateral lesions in the CNS can cause deafness.

A

False

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24
Q

Which of the following is not true of encoding of sound:

A

Hair cells located at the base respond best to low frequency sound

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25
Q

Each taste fibers respond best to only one type of stimulus:

A

False

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26
Q

Innervation of anterior 2/3 of the tongue, which is responsible for sweet, salty and umami taste is by what nerve?

A

Branch of the facial nerve

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27
Q

Innervation of posterior third of the tongue, which is responsible for bitter and sour taste is by what nerve?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

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28
Q

True or False: Cells of the taste buds undergo constant cycle of growth, death and regeneration. This process is dependent to your sensory nerve.

A

True

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29
Q

The umami taste is triggered by a mechanism similar to that of:

A

Sweet tasting

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30
Q

Termination of olfactory responses occurs when:

A. Odorant diffuses away
B. Scavenger enzymes in the mucous layer break them down
C. cAMP in the activates other pathways

A

Idk

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31
Q

Inhibitory neurons that make up the dendrodendritic synapses micral cells provide lateral inhibition that ______ olfactory information to the CNS:

A

Sharpens

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32
Q

Olfactory receptor cells are:

A

Afferent neurons

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33
Q

Which of the following statements is not correct:

A

Olfactory receptor proteins are dedicated to a single odorant and its protein can respond only to one specific odorant.

34
Q

In olfactory transduction, the generation of action potential and it propagation along the olfactory nerve axon leads towards the:

A

Ofactory bulb

35
Q

Athlete:

A

High carbohydrate diet

36
Q

Heart rate among athlete is _____ at rest.

A

Low

37
Q

Androgen effects EXCEPT:

A

Ventricular fibirillation

38
Q

Cheerers opposes:

A

Central fatigue

39
Q

Tug of war:

A

Isometric

40
Q

Negative work:

A

Eccentric

41
Q

Highest innervations ratio:

A

Large interneurons

42
Q

Type IIx

A

Fast glycolytic

43
Q

Fused at lower tetanus concentration:

A

Type 1

44
Q

Marathon runners

A

Aerobic system

45
Q

Oxidation of glucose, lactate and FA:

A

Aerobic system

46
Q

Exercise

A

All of the choices

47
Q

Impaired Ca2+

A

Low frequency

48
Q

Diving

A

ATP + PCR

49
Q

Strength training

A

Type IIx

50
Q

True:

A

Holding strength 40% of contractile force

51
Q

Unlimited store:

A

Aerobic

52
Q

Actual receptors for hearing and balance:

A

Hair cells

53
Q

High sodium

A

Perilymph

54
Q

Slow conducting

A

Perilymph

55
Q

T-tubule

A

Skeletal and cardiac system

56
Q

Corrected with convex lens:

A

Hyperopia

57
Q

Unitary

A

Gap junction

58
Q

Ligand umami receptor

A

Amino acid

59
Q

Muscle with pacemaker activity

A

Unitary smooth muscle

60
Q

Second messenger in the olfactory:

A

GPCR

61
Q

Release of Pi:

A

Power stroke

62
Q

Essential in visual signal transduction

A

Hyperpolarization

63
Q

Boy was tall, sitting behind.

A

Myopia

64
Q

Bitter taste

A

TRPM5

65
Q

Bitter syrup

A

Cover the nose

66
Q

Calcium sequester

A

Fused tetanus

67
Q

Rely on short term energy stores:

A

Type II

68
Q

Fast twitch fibers

A

Type II

69
Q

energy requirement is highly oxidative:

A

Type I

70
Q

Susceptible fatigue:

A

Type II

71
Q

A muscle or a group of muscles to perform repeated contractions against a given load for a long period of time (endurance) is primarily dependent on :

A

Nutrition

72
Q

The following statements are true of the mechanisms and properties involved when one goes down from the second floor to the first floor using the stairs except:

A

Causes less damage to muscle fibers and more to connective tissue

73
Q

A baseball player hitting a ball with his bat will require which of the following energy systems?

A

Phosphagen system

74
Q

For sustained activity of moderate intensity which of the following is the preferred choice of fuel source?

A

Fats

75
Q

Fatigue develops during increase:

A

impaired membrane excitability

76
Q

Which of the following statements are true of the mechanisms of sweating?

A

NaCl content of sweat increases with rate of secretion

77
Q

Increase in maximal oxygen delivery during aerobic training has which of the following effect?

A

Increase mitochondrial content

78
Q

After every exercise, time for recovery is necessary. Recovery time is shortened with :

A

high carbohydrate diet

79
Q

This refers to static contraction of muscle without angle joint movement:

A

Isometric contraction

80
Q

Which of the following is an objective index in functional capacity of the body to operate power?

A

VO2 max

81
Q

Used during sustained physical activity:

A

Type I

PHYSIOLOGY - 1st Year 1st Sem Comprehensive Exam (15 decks)

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