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PHYSIOLOGY - 1st Year 1st Sem Comprehensive Exam > Chapter 4 - Regulation of Gene expression (2019) - Evals #2 by Keim > Flashcards

Chapter 4 - Regulation of Gene expression (2019) - Evals #2 by Keim Flashcards

1
Q

Codes the DNA polypeptide

A

Exon

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2
Q

First protein that binds to the DNA

A

TF IID

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3
Q

Which of the following is NOT involve in translation?

a. DNA
b. mRNA
d. Protein

A

DNA

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4
Q

What step in gene expression with a genetic code on the mRNA is read by your tRNA and then amino acid is carried by tRNA are added in nascent
polypeptide chain?

A

Translation

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5
Q

All biological components of structures in the directly corresponding their
function, which of the following is the CORRECT statement regarding
chromosomal structure?

A

Histone and scafolds condensed DNA into a size that is fit into the nucleus.

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6
Q

Translation of the mRNA on ribosomes always begin at which codon and what amino acid it translates to:

A

AUG — methionine

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7
Q

True or False:

The central dogma of molecular biology states that genetic information flows UNIDIRECTIONALLY from DNA to proteins.

A

True

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8
Q

What is a gene?

A

A DNA segment that contains all genetic information required to encode RNA and protein molecules

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9
Q

A promoter is:
a. Determines the site for initiation of transcription
b. Determines Direction of transcription
C. Consists of modules of simple sequences (DNA elements)
D.ALL OF THE ABOVE

A

D. All of the above

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10
Q

Inhibit the activity of transcriptional activators not by interfering w/ DNA binding, but by a direct protein-protein interaction w/ activators:

A

Quenching

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11
Q

Liver cells perceive the presence of glucagon and stimulate PEPCK gene expression. This illustrates the phenomenon of:

a. Tissue-specific gene expression
b. Forced gene expression
c. Adaptation gene expression
d. Inducible gene expression

A

D. Inducible gene expression

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12
Q

A cis-acting regulatory element that is required for expression of gene.

A

Promoter

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13
Q

Most regulated step in gene expression:

A

Inititation of transcription

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14
Q

Which of the following is not true for Na/K pumps?

A

In most epithelial cells, the sodium pump is restricted to the apical membrane of a cell.

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15
Q

Which of the following pump runs as an ATP synthase of the inner membrane of the mitochondria? F-type ATPase

A

F-type ATPase

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16
Q
  1. The ABC transporters can act as:
A

all of the above

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17
Q

Acid extruders are stimulated when the cell is acidified, and is inhibited when the cell is alkalinized, hence maintaining pH for proper cell functioning. Which of the following is NOT an acid extruder?

A

Calcium pumps

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18
Q

Which of the following is NOT a driving force for the Na-Glucose co-transporter?

A

Hydrolysis of ATP

19
Q

Which if the following is a primary active transporter?

A

N/K A

20
Q
  1. The tube is separated by an impermeable membrane into two chambers. The left chamber contains 1L of 2 m sodium chloride solution. The right chamber contains 1L of 1 m sodium chloride solution. If the membrane is made permeable to water, then osmotic pressure will cause the net flux of water to go:
A

from right to left.

21
Q

Which of the following is true?

A

Inside the cell, the quantity of positively charged ions is almost exactly equal to the quantity of negatively charged ions.

22
Q

What protein pathway forms donut-like triads that allow the passage of ions, water and small molecules to diffuse to target cells?

A

Perforins

23
Q

The major function of calmodulin in the cells is to act as:

A

Calcium-binding protein

24
Q 
Electrochemical driving force of potassium:
A. Close to zero
B. Somewhat positive
C. To move potassium outside of the cell
D. All of the above
A

D. All of the above

25
Q

What is the potassium in the interstitium?

A

4.6

26
Q

What is the chloride plasma water?

A

113

27
Q

Chamber A contains 0.1 m KCl. Chamber B contains 0.01m KCl. So Chamber A is negatively charged compared to chamber B. Which of the ff. statement is correct based on the details above?

A

The concentration force of potassium is larger than the electrical force.

28
Q

In the respiratory chain, F0, F1 ATPase forms complex?

A

V

29
Q

These are true statements for each K-pump except:

A

It is a secondary acting transporter.

30
Q

Which of the following is not an exchanger?

A

None of the above

31
Q

Which of the following statements is true about gene?

A

No exception

32
Q

Transcription patterns appear to be unable to bind a nucleosome because of:

A

histones position over promoters.

33
Q

To produce a mature mRNA, the cell must process the primary transcript in the following set except:

A

The cell adds an unusual cytosine base (Guanosine)

34
Q

The role of methylation of DNA is:

A

ensuring that genes are turned off

35
Q

Which of the following are not matched correctly?

A

snRNA - splice out exons post transcript

36
Q

DNA has a base sequence of ATGCAT. What is the newly transcribed RNA?

A

UACGUA

37
Q

It is a cis-acting DNA sequence that serve as the binding site for your RNA polymerase.

A

Promoter

38
Q

The transcription and processing of rRNA molecules takes place in the:

A

Nucleolus

39
Q

What is the first protein that binds to DNA?

A

TFIID

40
Q

A transcription factor that increases initation of transcription by associating with an enhancer element is termed as:

A

Activator

41
Q

Transcriptional repressors may act by different mechanisms. What form of repressor wherein it inhibits the binding of transcription activators to the DNA-binding site?

Competetion
Quenching
Repression

A

Competition

42
Q

Which of the following is not a mechanism employed by the suppressor proteins to decrease the transcription of a specific gene?

A

The repressor binds to RNA polymerase II, blocking its ability of associate with promoter elements.

43
Q

Which of the following is correct about chromatin remodelling?

A

Chromatin remodeling enables histone acetylation plus li

PHYSIOLOGY - 1st Year 1st Sem Comprehensive Exam (15 decks)

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