Chapter 6 - Urinary system Flashcards
term- urologist
meaning- The medical specialist for the diagnosis, treatment, and study of urinary disorders in both sexes is called an urologist. Urologists also treat most disorders of the male reproductive system. The specialty is referred to as urology.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 212). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-abscess, urinary
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 216). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Cavity containing pus and surrounded by inflamed tissue in the urinary system.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 216). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- albuminuria
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 216). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Albumin (a protein) in the urine. Also called proteinuria
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 216). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-azotemia
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Condition of excessive urea in the blood indicating nonfunctioning kidneys; also called uremia.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- azoturia
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Excessive nitrogenous compounds, including urea, in the urine.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- bacteriuria
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Bacteria in the urine.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-edema
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Accumulation of fluid in the tissues; can result from kidney failure.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- glycosuria
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Sugar in the urine.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- hematuria
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Blood in the urine.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- hypertension
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Condition of high blood pressure.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-pyuria
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Pus in the urine.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- anuria
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Condition of no urine.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- diuresis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Condition of increased formation and excretion of urine, of large volumes of urine. Caffeine and alcohol are diuretics (dye yoor RET icks)— that is, they increase the amount of urine produced.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- dysuria
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Condition of painful urination.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- enuresis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Also commonly known as “bed-wetting,” enuresis can be nocturnal (at night) or diurnal (during the day).
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- incontinence, urinary
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Inability to hold urine.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- nocturia
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Condition of excessive urination at night.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- oliguria
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Condition of scanty urination.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-polydipsia
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Condition of excessive thirst (usually accompanied by polyuria).
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- polyuria
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Condition of excessive urination.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-retention, urinary
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Inability to release urine.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- urgency
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Intense sensation of the need to urinate immediately.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 217). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- diabetes insipidus (DI)
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 218). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which causes the patient to excrete large quantities of urine (polyuria) and exhibit excessive thirst (polydipsia).
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 218). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-diabetes mellitus (DM)
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 219). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-A group of metabolic disorders characterized by high glucose levels that result from inadequate amounts of insulin, resistance to insulin, or a combination of both (see
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 219). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- nephrolithiasis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 219). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Stones in the kidney.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 219). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- polycystic kidney disease (PKD)
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 219). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Inherited disorder characterized by an enlargement of the kidneys caused by many renal cysts bilaterally that reduce functioning of renal tissue
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 219). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- renal colic
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 219). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Severe pain associated with kidney stones lodged in the ureter. The term “colic” means pain.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 219). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-urinary tract infection (UTI)
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 219). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Infection anywhere in the urinary system, caused most commonly by bacteria, but also by parasites, yeast, and protozoa (sing. protozoon). Most frequently occurring disorder in the urinary system.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 219). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- urolithiasis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 219). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Stones anywhere in the urinary tract, but usually in the renal pelvis or urinary bladder. Usually formed in patients with an excess of the mineral calcium. Also called urinary calculi (KAL kyoo lye)
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 219). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- glomerulonephritis (GN)
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney characterized by proteinuria, hematuria, decreased urine production, and edema.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- hydronephrosis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Dilation of the renal pelvis and calices of one or both kidneys resulting from obstruction of the flow of urine.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- nephritis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Inflammation of the kidney; a general term that does not specify the location of the inflammation or its cause.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- nephropathy
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Disease of the kidneys; a general term that does not specify a disorder.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-nephroptosis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Prolapse or sagging of the kidney.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-nephrosclerosis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Hardening of the arteries of the kidneys. Also known as renal sclerosis.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- nephrotic syndrome
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Abnormal group of symptoms in the kidney characterized by proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema; may occur in glomerular disease and as a complication of many systemic diseases (e.g., DM). Also called nephrosis (neh FROH sis).
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- pyelonephritis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Infection of the renal pelvis and parenchyma of the kidney, usually the result of lower UTI.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- renal failure
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Inability of the kidneys to excrete waste, concentrate urine, and conserve electrolytes. May be acute or chronic.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- acute renal failure (ARF)
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Sudden inability of the kidneys to excrete wastes, resulting from hemorrhage, trauma, burns, toxic injury to the kidney, pyelonephritis or GN, or lower urinary tract obstruction. Characterized by oliguria and rapid azotemia.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- chronic kidney disease (CKD) (formerly chronic renal failure)
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- CKD is measured in stages of increasing severity, from 1 (mild damage with a normal glomerular filtration rate [GFR]) to 5 (complete kidney failure requiring either dialysis or a renal transplant). Stage 5 is also called end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- renal hypertension
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 221). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- High blood pressure secondary to kidney disease.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (pp. 221-222). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- cystitis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 222). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Inflammation of the urinary bladder. Trigonitis is inflammation of the trigone of the bladder.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 222). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- cystocele
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 222). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Herniation of the urinary bladder
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 222). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- ureterocele
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 222). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Prolapse of the terminal end of the ureter into the bladder.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 222). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- urethral stenosis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 222). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Narrowing of the urethra. Also called a urethral stricture.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 222). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- urethritis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 222). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Inflammation of the urethra.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 222). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-vesicoureteral reflux
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 222). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Abnormal backflow of urine from the bladder to the ureter. May be the result of an obstruction, an infection, or a congenital defect
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 222). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- ileal conduit
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Channel, pipe, or tube that guides urine from the ureters to the ileum in the digestive system to be excreted through the large intestine when the bladder is no longer available for storing the urine and releases it through the urethra. Also known as an ureteroileostomy (yoo ree tur oh ill ee AH stuh mee).
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- lithotripsy
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Process of crushing stones either to prevent or clear an obstruction in the urinary system; crushing may be done manually, by high-energy shock waves, or by pulsed dye laser. In each case, the fragments may be expelled naturally or washed out (see Focus On box). Use of shock waves is termed extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL).
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- meatotomy
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- An incision of the urinary meatus.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- nephrectomy
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Resection of the kidney.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- nephrolithotomy
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Incision of the kidney for removal of a kidney stone.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-nephropexy
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Suspension or fixation of the kidney.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-nephrostolithotomy
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Removal of a stone from the kidney through a preexisting nephrostomy.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- nephrostomy
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Opening made in the kidney so that a catheter can be inserted.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-nephrotomy
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Incision of the kidney.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-transurethral procedure
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Any procedure conducted through the urethra.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- urethrolysis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Destruction of adhesions of the urethra.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- vesicotomy
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Incision of the urinary bladder.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 234). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
