Chapter 10- Cardiovascular System Flashcards
term- cardiologist.
meaning- Cardiology is the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disorders of the heart. The specialist in this field is called a cardiologist.
term- bradycardia
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Slow heartbeat with ventricular contractions less than 60 bpm
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- bruit
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Abnormal sound heard when an artery is auscultated. Usually a blowing or swishing sound, higher pitched than a murmur.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- cardiodynia
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Heart pain that may be described as atypical or ischemic. Atypical pain is a stabbing or burning pain that is variable in location and intensity and unrelated to exertion. Ischemic pain is a pressing, squeezing, or weight-like cardiac pain caused by decreased blood supply that usually lasts only minutes. Precordial pain is pain in the area over the heart. Also called cardialgia.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- cardiomegaly
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Enlargement of the heart.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- claudication
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Cramplike pains in the calves caused by poor circulation in the leg muscles.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- cyanosis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- A bluish or grayish discoloration of skin, nail beds, and/ or lips caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- diaphoresis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Profuse secretion of sweat.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- dyspnea; dyspnea on exertion (DOE)
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Difficult and/ or painful breathing; if DOE, it is experienced when effort is expended.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- edema
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Abnormal accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces of tissues.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- emesis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Forcible or involuntary emptying of the stomach through the mouth.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- ischemia
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Lack of blood in a body part due to a blockage or functional constriction.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 374). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- murmur
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Abnormal heart sound heard during systole, diastole, or both, which may be described as a gentle blowing, fluttering, or humming sound.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- nausea
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Sensation that accompanies the urge to vomit but does not always lead to vomiting.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- orthopnea
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Condition in which a person must sit or stand to breathe comfortably.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- pallor
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Paleness of skin and/ or mucous membranes. On darker pigmented skin, it may be noted on the inner surfaces of the lower eyelids or the nail beds.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-palpitations
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Pounding or racing of the heart, such that the patient is aware of his/ her heartbeat.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-pulmonary congestion
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Excessive amount of blood in the pulmonary vessels. Usually associated with heart failure (HF).
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- shortness of breath (SOB)
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Breathlessness, air hunger.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- syncope
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Fainting, loss of consciousness.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- tachycardia
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Rapid heartbeat, more than 100 bpm
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- thrill
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Fine vibration felt by the examiner on palpation.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- venous distention
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Enlarged or swollen veins.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 375). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- dysrhythmia
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 379). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- A dysrhythmia is an abnormal heartbeat (dys- means abnormal, rhythm/ o means rhythm, and -ia means condition). Remember that a normal heart rate is referred to as a normal sinus rhythm (NSR).
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 379). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- arrhythmia
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 379). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Abnormal variation from the normal heartbeat rhythm. Also called dysrhythmia.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 379). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- fibrillation
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 380). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Extremely rapid and irregular contractions (300 to 600 bpm) occurring with or without an underlying cardiovascular disorder, such as coronary artery disease (CAD).
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 380). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- atrial fibrillation
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 380). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 380). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of cardiac arrhythmia.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 380). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- ventricular fibrillation
meaning- Rapid, irregular ventricular contractions; may be fatal unless reversed.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 380). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- flutter
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 380). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Extremely rapid but regular heartbeat (250 to 350 bpm). Atrial flutter is a rapid, regular atrial rhythm.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 380). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- cardiac tamponade
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 382). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Compression of the heart caused by fluid in the pericardial sac.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 382). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-cardiomyopathy
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 382). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Progressive disorder of the ventricles of the heart.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 382). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- endocarditis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 382). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Inflammation of the endocardium and heart valves, characterized by lesions and caused by a number of different microbes
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 382). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- heart failure (HF)
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 382). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Inability of the heart muscle to pump blood efficiently so that it becomes overloaded. The heart enlarges with unpumped blood, and the lungs fill with fluid. Previously referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF).
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 382). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- pericarditis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 382). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart with the possibility of pericardial effusion (the escape of blood into the pericardium).
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 382). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- aneurysm
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Localized dilation of an artery caused by a congenital or acquired weakness in the wall of the vessel. The acquired causes may be arteriosclerosis, trauma, infection, and/ or inflammation.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- arteriosclerosis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Disease in which the arterial walls become thickened and lose their elasticity, without the presence of atheromas.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- atherosclerosis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Form of arteriosclerosis in which medium and large arteries have atheromas, which can reduce or obstruct blood flow. Patients with peripheral atherosclerosis complain of intermittent claudication
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-esophageal varices
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Varicose veins that appear at the lower end of the esophagus as a result of portal hypertension; they are superficial and may cause ulceration and bleeding.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- hemorrhoid
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Varicose condition of the external or internal rectal veins that causes painful swellings at the anus.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- hypertension (HTN)
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Condition of high or elevated BP, also known as arterial hypertension; occurs in two forms— primary (or essential) hypertension, which has no identifiable cause; and secondary hypertension, which occurs in response to another disorder. Malignant hypertension is very high BP that results in organ damage.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-hypotension
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Condition of below normal BP. Orthostatic hypotension occurs when a patient experiences an episode of low BP upon rising to a standing position.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-peripheral arterial occlusion
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Blockage of blood flow to the extremities. Acute or chronic conditions may be present, but patients with both types of conditions are likely to have underlying atherosclerosis. Occlusion means blockage.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- peripheral vascular disease (PVD)
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Any vascular disorder limited to the extremities; may affect not only the arteries and veins but also the lymphatics.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-Raynaud disease
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Idiopathic disease— that is, of unknown cause— of the peripheral vascular system that causes intermittent cyanosis/ erythema of the distal ends of the fingers and toes, sometimes accompanied by numbness; occurs almost exclusively in young women. Presentation is bilateral. Raynaud phenomenon is secondary to rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, or trauma. Presentation is unilateral.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term-thrombophlebitis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning-Inflammation of either deep veins (deep vein thrombosis, or DVT) or superficial veins (superficial vein thrombosis, or SVT) with the formation of one or more blood clots
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 384). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- varicose veins
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 385). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Elongated, dilated superficial veins (varices) with incompetent valves that permit reverse blood flow. These veins may appear in various parts of the anatomy, but the term varicose vein( s) has been reserved for those in the lower extremities.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 385). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- vasculitis
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 385). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Inflammation of the blood vessels. Also called angiitis.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 385). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- echocardiography (ECHO)
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 390). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Use of ultrasonic waves directed through the heart to study the structure and motion of the heart (Fig. 10-24). Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) images the heart through a transducer introduced into the esophagus.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 390). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
term- electrocardiography (ECG, EKG)
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 390). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
meaning- Recording of electrical impulses of the heart as wave deflections of a needle on an instrument called an electrocardiograph. The record, or recording, is called an electrocardiogram.
Shiland, Betsy J.. Mastering Healthcare Terminology - E-Book (p. 390). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
