Chapter 3- Musculoskeletal system Flashcards
term- orthopedics / orthopedist
meaning- deals with the majority of musculoskeletal disorders.
term- rheumatology/rheumatologist.
meaning- specialty that deals with disorders of connective tissue, including bone and cartilage.
term- Physiatry/physiatrist.
meaning- physical medicine, concerns diagnosis and treatment of disease or injury with the use of physical agents, such as exercise, heat, massage, and light.
term- osteodynia
meaning- bone pain
term- osteitis deformans
meaning- Misshaped bone resulting from excessive breakdown and formation of bone tissue.
term- osteomalacia
meaning- Softening of bone caused by loss of minerals from the bony matrix as a result of vitamin D deficiency. When osteomalacia occurs in childhood, it is called rickets.
term- osteomyelitis
meaning- Inflammation and/ or infection of the bone and bone marrow.
term- osteoporosis
meaning- Loss of bone mass, which results in the bones being fragile and at risk for fractures. Osteopenia refers to a less severe bone mass loss (-penia = deficiency).
term- chondromalacia
meaning- Softening of the cartilage.
term- costochondritis
meaning- Inflammation of the cartilage of the ribs.
term- arthrosis
meaning- Abnormal condition of a joint; may be hemarthrosis, hydrarthrosis, or pyarthrosis (blood, fluid, or pus, respectively, in a joint cavity).
term- baker cyst
meaning- Cyst of synovial fluid in the popliteal area of leg; often associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
term- bunion
meaning- Fairly common, painful enlargement and inflammation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (the base of the great toe).
term- bursitis
meaning- Inflammation of a bursa.
term- carpal tunnel syndrome
meaning- Compression injury that manifests itself as fluctuating pain, numbness, and paresthesias of the hand caused by compression of the median nerve at the wrist
term- crepitus
meaning- Crackling sound heard in joints.
term- osteoarthritis (OA)
meaning- Joint disease characterized by degenerative articular cartilage and a wearing down of the bones’ edges at a joint; considered a “wear and tear” disorder. Also called degenerative joint disease (DJD)
term- osteophytosis
meaning- Abnormal bone growth in a joint. Heberden nodes are osteophytes of the interphalangeal joints in RA
term-polyarthralgia
meaning-Condition in which there is pain in several joints simultaneously.
term- rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
meaning- Inflammatory joint disease believed to be autoimmune in nature; occurs in a much younger population (ages 20 to 45) than OA
term- scleroderma
meaning- Connective tissue disorder that causes hardening and thickening of the skin.
term- systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
meaning- Chronic, systemic inflammation of unknown etiology (cause). Characterized by arthritis and a distinctive red, butterfly-like rash on nose and cheeks. Also called disseminated lupus erythematosus (DLE).
term- temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJ)
meaning- Dysfunctional temporomandibular joint, accompanied by gnathalgia, or jaw pain.
term- tendinitis
meaning- Inflammation of a tendon.
