Chapter 6 - Tissues & Membranes Flashcards
Histology
Study of tissues
4 kinds of tissue
- Epithelial
- Connective
- Muscular
- Nervous
Epithelial Tissue
Protects and transport
Continues sheets
Avascar ( no blood supply)
1 unattached surface and 1 attached
surface (to a basement membrane in order to get nutrients)
Lines cavities or organs
Easy regenerates and repairs
Layers
•simple; stratified; squamous; cuboidal; columnar; transitional; pseudo stratified
Stratified
Multiple layers
Simple
1 layer
Squamous
Rapid diffusion, blood vessels
Cuboidal
Transport & secrete (kidneys)
Columnar
Absorption & digestion
Transitional
Bladder
Psendostatified
Look like multiple layers
Connective (CT)
More than cells
Vascular varies
Fibers in matrix
Types of fibers
•collagen; elastic; reticular
Vascularity
• loose, dense, cartilage, osseous, Hemo
Collagen
Made of strong proteins
Electric
Can stretch and return back to normal
Reticular
Tiny collagen fibers that makes spider webs
Examples
• hollow organs
liver, spleen, lymph nodes
Vascularity
Where there is more concentrated matrix
There is less room for blood vessels
Loose
Very vascular
Heals quickly
Examples
• areolar
• adipose
Dense
Less vascular
Heals slower
Example
• regular
• irregular
• elastic : bladder, stomach, lungs
Cartilage
Non vascular
Fed diffusion
Examples
• Hyaline
• fibrocartilage
•elastic : ear, epiglottis, larynx
Osseous
Bone
Very vascular
Small canals for blood vessels and nerves
Hemo
Blood
Very very vascular
Examples
• matrix is called plasma
• stem cells in bone marrow
Areolar
Under layer of skin
Adipose
Fat
for energy 1lb of fat your body makes ~ 1mile of blood vessels
Regular
1 directions
Tendons/lymphoid
Irregular
Wraparound bone, muscle fibers
Hyaline
Toughest
End of bones, nose, connects ribs to sternum
Fibro cartilage
Disco in knee, between vertebra
Muscular
Composed of cells that contracted
~More cells then matrix
~Contractile proteins
~Very vascular - high demand for oxygen (O2)
~Close relationship with nervous system
~Cells chill in GO
~If muscled get really damaged you get scar tissue
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth
Skeletal
Allows for movement of bones
Only works by contraction (shortening)
Voluntary
Striated
Lots of nuclei and mitochondria
Voluntary
Consciously controlled
Striated
Striped
Cardiac
Heart
Self-contacting : has its own electrical system
Involuntary
Uses fatty acid tails for energy converts it the glucose to ATP
Only 1 nucleus
Striated
• Junctions that keep muscles moving in sync
Smooth
Visceral
- involuntary
- not striated
- walls of stomach, intestines, bladder, blood vessels
- can hold long and strong contraction
Nervous
Neurons
Neuroglia
Must have O2
Neurons
Major type of cell
(Motor, sensory, association)
Carry messages from one to another by electrical charge
Neuroglia
Support system (glia)
Supply nutrients, pick up waste
Membrane
Sheets of tissue that cover a surface
Epithelial
Connective
Epithelial
Cutaneous
Mucous
Serous
Cutaneous
Outside skin
Mucous
Line body cavities that open to the outside of the body
Serous
Line body cavities that don’t open to outside
* Pericardium * Pleural * Peritoneum
Pericardium
Around your heart
- Viserural : touches/ surrounds heart
- Parietal : lining of wall
Pleural
Around the lungs
- Viserural : touches/ surrounds lung
- Parietal : lining of wall
Peritoneum
Digestive
- Viserural : touches/ surrounds stomach
- Parietal : lining of wall
Connective Tissue
~Synovial fluid
~Periosteum
~Meninges
~Fascia
Synovial fluid
Lines joint cavities to keep them lubricated and reduce friction
Periosteum
Membrane surrounding your bones
Meninges
Protections later around brain and spinal cord
Fascia
Internal covering of the body
