Chapter 6: Surveillance and Sampling

Question 1

Objective of surveillance

Answer 1

determine if pest species is present, population density, population dispersion, dynamics

Question 2

Pest Surveillance Agencies

Answer 2

Private companies, USDA, APHIS, PPQ, ARS, U.S. Forest Service

Question 3

types of survey data

Answer 3

qualitative & quantitative

Question 4

what is qualitative data

Answer 4

non numerical (types discovered, subjective density)

Question 5

what is quantitative data

Answer 5

numerical data

Question 6

Types of survey

Answer 6

Qualitative & Quantitative

Question 7

Qualitative survey

Answer 7

Non-numerical data

Question 8

Quantitative Survey

Answer 8

numerical data (defines abundance at a specific time in a specific place.) (estimate larger areas by sampling smaller areas)

Question 9

Sampling units

Answer 9

proportion of habitable space where count is taken

Question 10

What kind of counts happen in Sampling Units

Answer 10

estimated and direct count

Question 11

Sampling universe

Answer 11

Refers to the whole population & habitat where samples are taken

Question 12

Sampling Techniques

Answer 12

Method used to collect information from a single sampling unit

Question 13

types of sampling techniques

Answer 13

count in sampling unit, estimate in sampling unit

Question 14

Sampling program

Answer 14

Procedure that employs the sampling technique to obtain sample and make density estimate

Question 15

Extensive Progeams

Answer 15

Conducted over broad areas to determine information

Question 16

how many samples are taken per season

Answer 16

1-5

Question 17

Precision

Answer 17

Consistency of sample results to eachother

Question 18

Intensive programs

Answer 18

conducted as part of research

Question 19

In Situ Counts

Answer 19

Direct observation of insects on/in given area at given time

Question 20

what are in situ counts good for

Answer 20

large insects & low counts

Question 21

Knockdown

Answer 21

insects are removed from the habitat by dislodging, chemicals, or heating then counting

Question 22

Netting

Answer 22

Net used to collect insect (water or sweep nets)

Question 23

Dragging/Flagging

Answer 23

Large sheet used to collect insects residing close to the ground

Question 24

Trapping

Answer 24

requires insect to move and trap holds captured insect

Question 26

remote sensing

Answer 26

any monitering method that documents organism presence without coming into direct contact with the organism

Question 27

absolute estimates

Answer 27

measure actual numbers in inset population

Question 28

population intensity estimate

Answer 28

number of insects per habitat unit

Question 29

relative estimate

Answer 29

doesn't translate directly into numbers per ground surface area

Question 30

is relative or absolute estimates more accurate

Answer 30

absolute

Question 31

can you convert relative estimates to absolute estimates

Answer 31

yes

Question 32

mean

Answer 32

average number of samples

Question 33

range

Answer 33

difference between smallest and largest number

Question 34

standard deviation

Answer 34

averages the deviation of sample counts from the mean value

Question 35

disbersion

Answer 35

pattern or arrangement of insects in space, or how they are spread out in a area

Question 36

fidelity

Answer 36

accuracy with which the estimates follow actual numbers in the insect population

Question 37

precision (estimates)

Answer 37

measures the degree of error in making estimates and is usualy expressed as percentage standard error of the mean

Question 38

4 program dimensions

Answer 38

insect stage to sample, number of sample units to take, time to sample, pattern of sampling

Question 39

what do scouts do

Answer 39

report insect numbers to growers and grower agencies

Question 40

pest management scouts

Answer 40

people who sample growing areas regularly for the purpose of making pest management decisions

Question 41

Scouting

Answer 41

Sampling and surveying to report